Horse Breeding

Horse Breeding: When is The Best Time to Breed Your Mare?

2010-09-12T05:33:00.004+07:00

Cascade effect is the hormones that control a mare's reproductive cycle are like a waterfall. They are produced in the horse's brain and flow through the horse's body to the reproductive organs. In this report we will endeavour to help you to understand this waterfall phenomenon: what is occurring within your mare and how you can plan your breeding season.

Termed polyoestrous is mares cycle of many times during the breeding season. One cycle is, on average, 21 days long. Within the cycle there is one fertile phase when the mare is considered 'in season'. This normally lasts around 5 days but varies greatly from mare to mare. Fillies usually will start cycling from about 12 months onwards.

The mare's reproductive year can be broken into some phases:

The first is Cycling Phase - when the mare is cycling (each cycle being, on average, 21 days) including the fertile period of approximately 5 days.
The second is Non-Cycling Phase - occurs in winter when most mares don't cycle and are not fertile.
The third is Transition - occurs twice in the year, late autumn and early spring. At these times, the mare can display unpredictable or unusual behaviour. She can also give the appearance of being in season during this transition period, although she is not.

IT COMES DOWN TO NUMBERS

A mare's 21 day cycle is measured from ovulation to ovulation. Day one is the day ovulation occurs. The cycle can be split into two phases:

1. The oestrus phase is the fertile period which lasts from day one until approximately day 5 or 6. It is at this time that the mare is receptive to the stallion.
2. The dioestrus phase is the non fertile period of the cycle. This phase lasts for approximately 15 or 16 days.

IT ALL STARTS WITH THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF

A mare's brain and reproductive tract both create hormones that control her cycle. These are sensitive to the amount of sunlight hours in a day. Melatonin is the 'commander and chief ' hormone responsible for a mare's cycle. Levels of melatonin rise when it is dark. This rise stops reproductive hormones being produced.

When it is light, generally for 16 hours or longer each day during the cycling phase, the level of melatonin drops. This allows the hypothalamus to release a hormone called Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH). Let's break this down a moment. Gonads is the descriptive term for the reproductive organs. Trophin is another descriptive word for growing or nourishing. 'Releasing Hormone' is descriptive of the function that GnRH has - namely to release the hormones from the pituitary gland. (The pituitary gland is located just under the hypothalamus, deep in the brain.) In summary, GnRH is the hormone which gives the command to other hormones to release and grow or nourish the reproductive organs. It's that easy!

The oestrogen is released into the blood stream and stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release more LH, stimulating ovulation.

GnRH triggers the pituitary gland to release two very important hormones:

1. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - this causes the ovaries to grow the follicle (the egg).
2. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - this causes the follicle to mature and, in turn, start to release oestrogen.

The oestrogen is released into the blood stream and stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release more LH, stimulating ovulation.

OESTROGEN - THE HORMONE OF LOVE

Internally, oestrogen changes the lining of the uterus so it is best able to support the fertilised follicle. Externally, oestrogen is the hormone responsible for your mare behaving in season. Signs can include:

- becoming more docile,
- raising her tail; often to the side,
- standing like she wants to urinate, often for many minutes,
- squatting and urinating frequently,
- heavy, sweet smelling urine,
- winking vulva, and
- leaning into horses, fences and other objects.

Of course signs vary from mare to mare. Some exhibit strong symptoms, others none at all. Mares who have never foaled before, or which have foals at foot, or are kept by themselves tend to show fewer signs. When an in season mare meets a new horse, her behaviour will often become more pronounced.

THE FOLLICLE ERUPTS

The follicle should burst through the side of the ovary leaving a hole. Despite sounding rather gory, this hole (called the corpus luteum) is very important. As it mends (around day 14), it produces progesterone which enables the final phase of the cycle. If the mare is not pregnant the uterus will produce a hormone called prostaglandin. This causes the corpus luteum to dissolve and the cycle to begin again.

WHAT HAPPENS IN PREGNANCY?

When the follicle is successfully penetrated by a sperm, the follicle becomes an embryo. The embryo moves extensively around the uterus for the first 15 days. This is essential - as the embryo bounces off the walls of the uterus it stops the uterus from producing prostaglandin. If there is an area of the uterus where the embryo cannot get to (most likely due to a blockage of some sort), then that area will produce prostaglandin which will terminate the pregnancy and the mare will go back into season.

If the uterus doesn't produce prostaglandin then the embryo will implant into the wall of the uterus at about day 16. Your mare is now pregnant!

The mare is the key.....decide why you want to breed your horse and what will be the intended use of the foal? Consider size. Do you want your foal to be bigger or smaller boned than your mare? Consider height. Is your mare a good height for the activities you plan to do?

Consider your mare's conformation. Does she have a back that is too long or a neck that is too short or crooked legs? Find a stud with the ideal or opposite traits to improve or compliment your mare.

Understand your mare's personality. Is she hot, sensitive and spooky, or is she calm and laid back? If you like her personality traits breed her to a stud with the same characteristics; otherwise, find a stallion that has the personality traits you're wanting.

Determine how the horse will be bred. Will she stay at the stud farm for a certain amount of time or will she come home directly after the breeding? Consider the grazing fees - these often mount up quickly.

Determine if you want a live coverage, fresh, chilled or frozen AI? Determine the stud fee and what happens if you mare does not conceive or loses the foal during or following the pregnancy. For example many studs offer a live foal guarantee - find out what this means to the individual stud - it can vary.

Determine where the foal will be born. Do you have shelter for the mare in bad or cold weather? Does the stallion owner require that you have the mare at a place where she has a foal alarm on to be foaled down and an attendant for you to receive your live foal guarantee (LFG) if something goes wrong?

MAKING CHECK LIST - PRIOR TO SENDING YOUR MARE TO STUD

- Have the mare in great condition - not too fat or too thin as both will cause issues getting your mare in foal.
- Feet trimmed and shoes off.
- Good worming regime so she is in good internal health.
- No health issues i.e. temperatures or runny noses.
- Teeth filed.
- Up to date with all relevant vaccinations.
- Send her up with an old halter - often they don't come back with your one on!
- All breeding info - name of mare, breeding, registration number, vet identification completed if required.
- Certify the mare if you want to register the foal with an organisation such as the Hanoverian Society or Racing Thoroughbred Studbooks. Ensure your mare complies with their requirements.
- Make sure you are aware of all the costs involved.
- Read and sign the stud's contract - any questions, ask (and don't be shy about it)!

WHEN IS THE BEST TIME TO BREED YOUR MARE?

Ovulation usually occurs in the last 24 hours of your mare being in season but this can be variable from mare to mare. Ultrasound scanning has increased the reliability of picking the best time to serve your mare. Stallion semen will last for 48 hours in a mare's reproductive tract. Making sure the mare will ovulate within those 48 hours will increase your confidence that pregnancy should occur. If there is no way to regularly scan your mare, most studs will serve every second day while your mare is in season.

Horse Breeding: How to Get a Horse Loan

2010-05-19T18:13:00.001+07:00

If you wish to buy a horse, but you do not have the money, by borrowing a horse to solve your problem. There are many reputable and financing small business loan that offers you not only to buy a horse, but also equipment such as carpet and tactics and take care of storage costs. This loan is available in an easy to use payment and installment options are as affordable as a car or personal loan. Read on for more information on the loan amount, repayment and payment options.

Funding for the horse is not limited to agricultural or home owners only, but open to anyone who wants to buy a horse. You can get a loan from $ 10,000 to $ 50,000 or more for a payback period varies between three and 25 years. Generic level is about 9% to 29% per year by most lenders. If you have money to pay the money you make, but loans are available even without the requirement to make payments. Or, you can use as an advance installment loans if you are buying from a private owner willing to finance the purchase.

As mentioned above, the loans are available for animals, and other needed equipment for the cages. Once you receive the funds, you can use it according to your choice with a variety of horses, equipment and stable rules. This loan package is provided as per your credit and ability to pay and usually do not contain many clauses the use of resources. In fact, in some cases, creditors do not even want to know exactly how you plan to use the money you borrow.

Loans for horses that are available as an unsecured loan means that you do not need to promise a guarantee of funds by lenders. This is known as a loan without collateral. It acts as an unsecured personal loan where you, the individual will be responsible for payment. The choices are simple payback in the form of easy monthly installments with the short-term and long term options. There is a degree of flexibility in the choice of payback.

You can choose based on how much you want to pay each month or how many times you want everyone to pay. Remember that long-term loans granted at a lower rate than short-term, and the deadline is less in number. You can finance on terms that suit their needs.

As with the lender, is beneficial to keep some online lenders to find the best prices. Highly recommended that a thorough market survey to check the condition of different market lenders to do so. This is the key to getting a loan and the conditions most favorable for you. This will help you compare interest rates, payment options and loan conditions of horses and then negotiate the best deal for yourself.

Horse Breeding: New Jersey State Fair and Sussex County Farm and Horse Show

2010-05-19T18:09:00.001+07:00

The New Jersey State Fair and Sussex County Farm and Horse Show is held every year during the ten days of early August in the city of Augusta consistently interesting. It is not known whether Decided to hold the organizers, the exhibition this month consistently Each Year Since the name of the town or not. Cities and fair in the northern part of rural western New Jersey and you'll find plenty to enjoy-based agricultural activity.

In addition there are 4-H Horse Shows is very proud of the exhibition of children throughout the state. You will find the Honey Bee also rallied daily, which May or May Not attract fairgoers. It depends on how you feel about bees in general. Ford Commerford petting Zoo not only local animals HAS suche as goats and ponies, but you will find more exotic and Camels and Elephants Have the opportunity to ride Them. At the Fairgrounds you will find the seeds of baby animals home all the new additions make an appearance while at the fair. Baby chicks are by far the biggest draw.

Live entertainment at the state fair Comes in various forms. Wandering around the fair and you just find Maybe Chainsaw Artist Has Chance to show off and watch art come to life before your eyes. This event provides dogs, cats and other domesticated animal owners the opportunity to showcase their best friend. Lovers Of The Polka Must Find Night and the annual Polish Polka Competition and dancing the night away. If You Are a chance to admire the consistent Chainsaw Artist exhibition-fair offer of a place you can come Some jobs that are consistent Chainsaw Sculpture Artists Auction on the last day of the fair.

Those who do not mind paying extra fun at area nightspots can be found outdoors. This place hosts fireworks, demolition derbies, sweaters, balloon ride, and many other competitions.

When you visit the fair-you-can stay in one of the many types of differentiation or lodging is available. There are hotels, local camping, RV sites, and bed and breakfast. Bring your own car and you'll find parking at the state fair is free.

Horse Breeding: Finding a Top Quality Horse Fence For Your Home Or Farm

2010-05-19T18:07:00.001+07:00

If you decide to keep horses on your property or farm, no doubt you are excited and nervous at the same time. Keeping a horse is an important responsibility and consider your investment will make you really want to make sure that the animals remain safe inside their borders.

The most common type of fence is a wooden horse version. Although the wooden fence looks great, they need a lot of planting and maintenance. The horses are sure to chew the fence so you definitely need to place the timber with a number of non-toxic paint or stain treatment. wooden fence is also susceptible to warping, especially if you're in the area that is subject to drastic temperature changes. wood fences can also be damaged by having the weight of animals, so make sure you are ready in time and effort to maintain a wooden fence before buying one. If you are in a wooden fence, make sure that you select quality, pressure treated wood fence because it is designed for many years.

A horse owner a lot of choices today is the kind of flexible fence. This is a horse fence made of wire, either coated or not coated. Cables with high tensile strength flexible summarized in a song placed in between fence posts. Rail can stretch and acts as a shock absorber when the horse is pushed against and once the horse leaves the gate back into position. The material in this type of fence is flexible enough that even a horse walking is not possible to cut or hurt in any way when it comes into contact with the rails. Type of fence that is not subject to rot, warping or flakes, and this is a very popular type of fence that many horse owners choose today.

A woven wire fence horse is a good choice for people looking for a cheaper option. Make sure you select the type of material so that the horse can not get their claws caught in the wire. Check the highest quality woven wire fence can be found, because horses can be very destructive at times and sensitive to the flight without too much thought when she felt frightened. Another type of electric wire horse fence. With this type, the animals received a low voltage shock if contact is done by a fence. This shock is not dangerous and teach the horses to avoid the fence. Using tape or a rope fence next to the type of high quality electric fence is ideal for keeping horses. Stallion on the other hand, tend to jump, so this type is generally not recommended for males of the species.

All types of horse fences have advantages and disadvantages, so make sure this account before deciding to buy sex. This is very important that the horse is able to see the fence, so clearly visible is a key factor to consider. If you're going to go with the type of wire fence, the fence must be installed, so the horse can focus on when running.

Horse Breeding: A Few Tips For Buying A Horse Farm

2010-05-19T18:01:00.002+07:00

A horse farm is one of the best properties available. When driving to the station, you see the beautiful scenery: A red roofed white two story house with a big red barn next door, surrounded by a fence and clean the board from green pastures. Of course, there are several horses staring at the fence with you, their coats gleaming in the sunshine.

But aside from looks, what makes a good horse farm? If you plan on buying or building a horse farm, here are a few things to remember.

Home

This may seem obvious, but make sure that when a house on the farm that will meet your needs for your home. This makes no sense to buy a ranch and has a new home.

Barn

Once again, make sure the shed to suit your needs. Two important things that must consider the size and comfort. Is there enough space? It is easy to house, street or driveway, and grasslands?

Water supply

Anther thing to consider is the water supply. If you have a drought, water supplies are large, the difference between your company going under or victims. Ideally, you'll need at least two sources of water - a wells and rivers, for example. Make sure your water pipes running to the key locations, such as water tanks and warehouses.

Grassland

How many agricultural fields? Is it steep? Is the quality good? Had one that is suitable for hay field? These are all questions you should ask yourself.

Of course, these factors only basis. Before buying a horse farm, you need a lot of factors into account to ensure that you not only get what you need, but you also make sound financial decisions.

Horse Breeding: Good Horsebox is Invaluable For Transporting Your Horse

2010-05-19T17:54:00.002+07:00

A good horsebox for the carriage of animals is very valuable for many horse owners. "Horse Trailer" is something that time the UK or Europe. In the U.S., they are usually called "horse trailer" or even a horse camping ", depending on the accessories or force involved.

They come in various sizes and capacities for each animal up into a big addition to deciding how you want to trailer your horse, make sure you get one that supports the pull of the vehicle. And to think carefully about how an interior designed for comfort and safe transport your horse experience. The term "horse trailer" to describe the vehicle, but clearly the welfare of horses you mean you have to see something better than just a box.

I do not own horses and I never did. In fact, just as much horse experience I remember when I was young and my grandfather picked me up and told me to sit without a saddle on the mare's age - his parents Bonnie, I believe it is the horse's name.

Frankly, it's not my proudest moment: I remember the fear of height and wave the old girl back when she walked a few steps. My grandfather had a real kick out of, I never want to return to full-sized horse.

But, I have two brothers, both riders finished. My brother, in fact, have some horse trailers and trucks, which shows regularly use - he has a horse farm in Maryland, about halfway between Baltimore and Washington, DC

For him and his wife, buying and using a good horse trailer is a matter of good business. They board horses for paying customers, they do horse riding lessons at a new horse arena built them, and transport their own animals for show horses often.

For many horse owners read this, your transportation needs for your horse will probably not as often and not demanding as a man who runs a horse farm or ranch horse work.

However, as the owner of the horse closely, you must own or have access to a horse trailer and a car or tow truck who voted for your pet in the street, or boarding facilities, horse shows, or visit your horse vet. (Not quite as easy as bringing a dog or cat to the vet, right?)

My best advice to you is to "harness" and can direct to the usual tactics or farm shop to supply and horse trailer that will be available the next time your horse transport needs arise.

Horse Breeding: Buying a Horse Farm

2010-05-19T17:48:00.001+07:00

Some Humorous Stumbling Blocks

I have been selling Real Estate is now about 13 years. Have lived in this country for many years, I am good with farm sales, estates, and cottages. Specific forms of Real Estate has additional areas of expertise needed to help reach an agreement. Over the years I have discovered that the real stumbling block than the area of expertise is added vendor needs, but the attitude of family members involved in property purchase, especially in purchasing a property as well as a horse farm. Sometimes you just need to sit down and shaking his head incredulously.

Mother or wife want to house the perfect family. This must be modern, spacious and in move-in condition. Now is when my mother was a key person of horses, the barn or shed is perfect. The stalls are just the right size, the streets is more than enough, there must be an automatic irrigation system, and the house has an arena, a large in-door without feet pointed out to draw water. As a mother or a woman's primary focus is the development of the horse operation, may overlook a few flaws house for horse set-up is perfect, but do not expect.

Let's look at a father or husband of the family. If he happened horseman and lover, then the horse shelter building is the key. Home features may be secondary to him, the broker can make life easier, but again, it does not count because women and children will be talking a lot about the house and suddenly the house is usually required when the farm house, maybe 100 years plus, and although it has been renovated we will not only cutting-going state-of-the-art-horse business.

Teen-age children, bless their hearts, have the ability to handle something that is sure to make or go all the way south, toward which the wind blows that day. If teenagers occur at all for a horse operation, has a horse or horses of his own then the barn must be the best he can and the home may be OK for teens to have a private room, complete with four-piece bathroom, for himself. Please note that if the children of rural-oriented horse is the last place on earth do they want to live, so there's nothing in any way that shows your family woning. It's hard to believe that as a home that can have various errors.

Through all watching horse property buyers often forget some of the most important thing to look like where the water comes from and is suitable for drinking, operating system or septic is still there, is the use of country you want to bring even not allowed by the municipality, name but a few. But who cares, when he suddenly found the perfect property!

Do not take these thoughts too seriously. When the days, weeks or months have passed and you have managed to find that perfect horse property buyers please value your self a pat on the back, turned around and deposit your commission on the bench, consider a job well done, and try not to count the extra gray hairs.

Horse Breeding: Horse Loan Financing for Buying a Horse Farm

2010-05-19T17:34:00.001+07:00

The recent decline in the U.S. economy also showed lack of lenders willing to provide capital to invest all but the most pure of the creditors. Although many Americans have a perfect credit rating, there are some exceptions to this trend, one of the most important is the level of borrowing for American farmers.

The total capital lent to small businesses has grown each year, even as economic forecasts have been going to the south. The reason behind is the use of maize - companies that use bio fuels unlimited number of plants needed for research, development and production. Although this tree is very useful for farmers of corn, trickle down affect small businesses every point, and most banks today are more than willing to invest in farm families who grow other crops or animals such as horses.

The most important consideration for a bank loan, the possibility of returning. For this reason, farmers with very poor credit scores still will not buy at a decent price or volume with a decent interest rate. So, while the parties without the financial strength not be able membuat actual value of decent farmland or loans paard, average or above average credit in more than enough money tegen kuat, rendah rent borrow one, regardless of when these funds are used for breeding or buying horses. However, it is important for the farmers - just as every financial customers - a strong submission to the bank to refund their investments, if the bank was not affected by the demand and refusal.

The Bank works on the principle of risk management, credit score is bad why often to protest, what boeren investeren deze dus in less important than the possibility of returning to the rent (so why not the perfect corn farmers aanmerking above). If the party is set against their mortgage or a home, it is important that the house is the sound quality on a large plot. Recent production and profits are also taken into account, as well as other interests, such as proximity to other businesses, neighborhood, city, or company.

Thus, after the loan is given, there is no limit to what could have spent all these investments profitable. Many farmers use to borrow horses and livestock to buy, because they can bring in big profits on their investment. The foal, for example, can cost only a few thousand dollars if they are not of a particular descent, but can be sold for ten times that amount after they mature and prove to be trained. In the last horse is seeking loan funds a bit annoying that there are not many lenders advertise that they offer a "horse finance loan. The reason, most lenders do not specialize in lending money for the sole purpose of giving money to someone with a horse (and buy).

With that said, you can use to obtain funds for these beloved animals in an unsecured loan, unsecured financing, loans, second mortgages and to buy more. Because the animal industries that are not directly executed by economic performance, most credit lenders are still a medium for animals to find, buy and beauty of this is that lenders do not really care what they spend strictly concerns your ability to repay loans .

Horse Breeding: Mares in Heat

2010-05-17T19:15:00.001+07:00

We are well into summer here in Texas but other areas of the country are still in spring. Mares are starting to cycle and it seems they tend to have more issues in the first few heats of the season. Signs that a mare is uncomfortable include:

Swishing her tail
Reacting to touch
Resisting having her girth tightened
Soreness in the lower back or flanks
Leaning against walls or posts
Colic signs

If these symptoms are related to the mare's cycle they will appear and disappear in conjunction with her cycle every 16 to 21 days. If the symptoms are constant then there is probably another or multiple causes for the behavior.

Many people are quick to reach for a drug to suppress estrus but it is possible for a healthy mare to come into heat without discomfort that will prevent her from performing. Even healthy mares can occasionally have some discomfort during estrus and being aware of this and adjusting the training schedule is all that is needed.

Many estrus problems are related to Liver stagnation and supporting the liver will balance out the hormones. A 10 day course of milk thistle is a good way to support the liver. Dong Quai (tang kuei) is another great herb for liver and hormonal balancing. Herbal products that provide some pain relief as well as liver support such as RelaxHer Blend can be given when needed.

If a mare is performing strenuous exercise such as jumping, racing or cutting they may have a tendency to pull air into the vagina. This can be very irritating and homeopathic remedies such as sepia may tighten the vulva tissue or in some cases a caslicks procedure can be done to seal the upper part of the vulva to prevent air sucking into the vagina.

Mares tend to be sensitive and temperamental so they are not the best choice for every rider. They can also be harder working than geldings when they have a good bond with their person. Treat them with respect and they will perform well even when in heat.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse Breeders

2010-05-17T19:09:00.002+07:00

Those who first encountered an Arabian horse are aware that something is different about him. It seems - compared to horses of other breeds - rare and exotic, it has come from another part of the world. Arabian horses represent the different and unusual type of horses, they are distinguished from the other horses.

Arabian horses perform an exotic fascination. There are people for whom everything is exotic unpleasant; they are suspicious of everything foreign. These are and will remain grounded and keep familiar. Others are fascinated by the strangeness. Impressions of other cultures, continents and climatic zones contribute to them magnetically. The latter may show more enthusiasm when an exotic car such as the Arabian horse is standing in front of them - a creature of a now-defunct culture.

The Arabian horse is largely a product of its original environment, which was formed by the strict selection process by the hard living conditions in the desert regions of the Arabian Peninsula. Delegates from princes and royal houses purchased Arabian horses from the region of origin, and led them to their new home in order to use it as a finisher in the national horse breeding, but also promote the propagation of.

The Arabian horse has a triumphal march around the whole globe and is now available in more than 50 countries around the world, bred and cared for. Since 1949, the Association of Breeders and Friends of the Arabian horse care breeding organization operating nationwide as its members and advises them on all aspects of breeding, rearing, feeding, husbandry, training and riding the promotion of the Arabian horse. Furthermore, this zoo technical recognizes breeding organizations responsible for the registration of thoroughbred Arabian horses of the Arabian breed, Shagya Arabian, Arabs, Anglo-Arabs and Arab half-breed.

There are many Arabian horses which belong to different racial group. "Arab" is not a generic term for breeding Arabian horses of all directions, even if it is used by outsiders so often. As a race-or better, group term, he would merely serve as a kind of catch-all for all Arabian horses, which can not assign the broad groups of Arabian Horses, "" Shagya-Arab, Anglo-Arab "or" Arab half-breeds ".

One of the most beautiful Arabian horse breed with a nice palomino color is Golden Gayr El (El Gayr or Lady Gold). An Arab has said little sloppy, a horse that is not pure enough for an Arabian, but not enough for an allogeneic blood has Anglo-Arab or Partbred, and because of the very small proportion of foreign blood is not the Shagyas that can be attributed to. In any case, this race is very popular. The composite structures the nationwide breed in different regional groups similar to the provinces, promotes regional activities, seminars and courses as well as dog shows and equestrian competitions in the different disciplines.

Breathtaking radiance and beauty draws many people into their orbit. He keeps and maintains contacts with national and international umbrella organizations and associations and is responsible for implementing national and international events, advertising, breeding advice and assistance in all matters responsible. Before buying some horse like this you must search for many guides which will give explanations about the historical development, the roles and functions of the association which will provide guidance on the breeding objectives of the Arab Association of race and managed to convey a sense of the diverse investment and the specific characteristics of this noble breed of horses in the world, without whose influence can exist in the long run, no other horse breeds. This horse deserves only the best because he is the best.

Horse Breeding: Which Arabian Horse is Right for You? Tips to Choosing Your New Horse

2010-05-17T19:07:00.001+07:00

After years of admiring the gallant Arabian horse from afar - or enjoying one from a local stable - you've finally decided to take the plunge and become an Arabian owner yourself. Congratulations! There's nothing quite like the exhilaration of mounting your very own regal Arabian horse and heading off for a ride - just you and your new companion.

But, finding the right horse to meet your needs, interest and personality can be quite daunting, not to mention time consuming. There are a lot of things to consider when choosing the right Arabian horse, but most experts agree, a horse's conformation, condition, training, temperament and personality are the most important things to be considered.

Conformation- Arabian horses are known for their physical attributes: those wide-set eyes: short arched back: and high tail carriage. But don't be fooled by this horse's beauty. It's important when selecting an individual horse to look at its overall body structure and the way it's balanced. At the most basic level, you want to look for an athletic body structure. Next, you'll want to carefully study each part of the horse's conformation to determine how well it will be able to perform the tasks it's asked to. When considering any Arabian for purchase, it's important to check the following:

Forehead - should be broad, full and flat Head - should feature well proportioned ears: eyes that are located correctly and are short and soft. This usually signifies intelligence and a good demeanor.

Throat - the throat should be of average thickness with no muscle buildup on the underside of the neck. Look for a nice natural roundness on the top side of the neck.
Nostrils - Arabian horses are known for their flared nostrils, which help them take in more oxygen. Be sure they feature wide dilation.

Muzzle - Check for firm lips, with no sagging of the lower one.

Chest - watch for a narrow chest which can cause interference with the front legs.

Forearm - should extend from the elbow to the knee and be well-muscled.

Condition- Arabian horses are known for being a sound breed. Their strong resilient legs and dense compact bone makes them free from most lameness. Of course, any horse can have physical ailments that may go unnoticed by the untrained eye. That's why it's important to carefully study the horse's conformation closely to give you a good idea of its overall condition. As a potential horse owner, it's also important to understand the purpose of owning your horse in order to determine what condition is acceptable. If you're planning on showing your newly acquired Arabian horse, than you'll need to consider its overall look more closely to be sure that it meets showing requirements, as opposed to horse's purchased for recreational riding only. Never sign any sales agreement without first having a prospective horse carefully examined by a veterinarian of your choice to be certain that it is indeed strong and healthy. Once you've received a good health report, you can check it out for these other important features:

Training- While young horses have more energy, they can also be harder to train. Unless you have experience training horses - or are willing to pay for someone who does - it is generally better to stay away from horses under six years of age. Unless you are a horse trainer /or hire a trainer, they can be overly excitable, nervous and even hard to control. However, older horses too may take a bit of work, since they often come with bad habits or poor training and structure.

Temperament & Personality- Loved for their disposition and loyalty, Arabian horses are a wonderful choice for just about any horse lover who wants a true companion for years to come. The best recreational mount is one which is gentle to handle, and sports an attitude that is willing to please. Be sure to visit prospective horses several times to get a true feel for its temperament and personality before making any purchasing decisions. A horse may appear to be perfect in every way, but if your personalities clash, you'll regret your purchase in no time! Avoid any sellers who aren't willing to give you the time and space to really get to know the animal. They may be trying to hide a physical flaw or uncomely personality trait. While a horse's conformation, condition, training, personality and temperament are the most important factors when choosing the right Arabian for you, there are a few other factors to consider:

Your Experience. How much experience you have with horses can make a big difference in the one you ultimately choose to call your own. Arabians are beautiful horses that can be easily picked out of a crowd, making them very appealing to many horse lovers. They are strong and loyal and are well suited for many purposes including showcasing: endurance rides of 50 to 100 miles: harsh weather conditions and of course, recreational riding. Alert and curious, the Arabian is quick and intelligent, making it a wonderful companion.

However, they can also be flighty and high-strung, making them hard to control for the less experienced rider. As is the case with most horse breeds, the Arabian stallion can be difficult to control, while mares are often calmer, and showcase better dispositions. They are more expensive though, which often makes the more mild-tempered gelding (or neutered male), the best choice for many horse buyers who aren't interested in breeding. The size of the horse is also important. Since Arabian horse can be slightly smaller than some other breeds, you may need to consider your size in relation to the horse before settling on one specific animal.

Choose one that is large enough and strong enough to handle your height and weight to avoid unnecessary injury in the future. While it's important to pay particular attention to the factors explained above when choosing your next Arabian horse, the most important factor to buying any type of horse - including an Arabian horse - is taking your time. Pick one that best suits your own personality, style and experience and you can't go wrong.

Horse Breeding: The Arabian Horse - Horse of the Desert Bedouin

2010-05-17T19:05:00.001+07:00

"An Arabian will take care of its owner as no other horse will, for it has not only been raised to physical perfection, but has been instilled with a spirit of loyalty unparalleled by that of any other breed."

Many, many centuries ago, in the vast and inhospitable deserts of the Middle East, came a breed of horse like none other. Powerful, intelligent, and possessing an alluring beauty only begin to describe the Arabian horse. Thriving in the sweet grass oasis along the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers that extend over parts of what is known today as Iraq, Iran, and Syria, and parts of the Arabian peninsula, this amazingly versatile horse developed a strong bond with the nomadic people of the desert, the Bedouins.

The Arabian horse was so prized and respected that it was considered a gift from Allah, to be revered, cherished, and honored. The Arabian horse was a necessity for the well-being and survival of the Bedouin people and vice versa. As this inter-dependence for survival strengthened, so did the bond between these beautiful horses and the nomadic Bedouins. The head men of tribes knew the histories of each family horse so well that he could relate their stories to the people as well as he could relate stories of each family within the tribe. As each century passed, the mythology and romance of the Arabian breed grew as stories of valor, mighty endurance, and wealth were intermingled with the genealogies.

Even religious belief, superstition, and traditions had a significant impact on the Arabian breed. They impacted:

o The nature of the breed
o Its head shape. The bulging forehead was said to hold the blessings of Allah.
o Its neck. The great arching neck with a high crest were a sign of courage.
o Its color

These traits were held in very high regard and selectively bred for.

As in most societies of the time, the Arabian horse was mainly used as an instrument of war. The Bedouins used the Arabians horses as mounts to raid and attack enemy tribes and capture their herds of sheep, camels, and goats. The Bedouins needed the ability to attack with speed and surprise and for quick escapes. The Arabian horses made this possible with their courage and essential speed and endurance.

Bedouins were also hospitable, welcoming desert travelers that needed a reprieve from the harsh elements of the desert. A welcomed guest would find their mare's bridle hung from the center pole of his Bedouin hosts tent to indicate his status. Even during times of war, tribes would meet and with great hospitality, the Bedouins would break bread and share stories of their bravest and fastest horses.

The Bedouins also used the horses in races where the winner took the best of the loser's herd as their prize. Breeding stock could be bought and sold as well. War mares, though, were considered priceless. If one did happen to change hands, it was considered a most honored gift. No greater gift could be given amongst the Bedouin people than the Arabian mare.

The value placed on the Arabian mare led the Bedouins to keep a meticulous record of each family of Arabian horse through its dam. The only requirement of the sire was that he had to be "Asil" or pure. The highest regard was shown if his dam showed he was a "celebrated" mare of a great mare family. Mare families were often named according to the tribe or sheik who bred them.

The Bedouin valued purity in the Arabian breed above all else; many of the tribes owned only one main strain of the horse. There were five basic families of breed:

o Kehilan - Noted for depth of chest, masculine power, and size. Common colors are gray and chestnut.
o Seglawi - Known for their refinement and almost feminine elegance. The most common color is bay.
o Abeyan - Similar to the Seglawi, they tend to be refined with a longer back than the typical Arabian. Commonly gray and possibly carrying white markings.
o Hamdani - Often considered plain, with an athletic and a somewhat masculine, large boned build. Common colors are gray and bay.
o Hadban - This is a smaller version of the Hamdani. They too are big boned and have a muscular build. Their primary colors are brown or bay with a few white markings possible.

The Bedouins are credited with the beginning of selective pure breeding of Arabian horses. Although breeding records were kept by memory and passed down verbally, they are also credited as the first to keep breeding records and maintaining the purity of the Arabian breed. Even though there is no written record, many Arabian pedigrees can be traced to desert breeding. This is because the Bedouins held such a high importance to the purity of the Arabian horse. Thus, "desert bred" is widely accepted as an authentic verification of pure blood for Arabian horses that were early imports into other parts of the world.

Today, there are a far greater number of Arabian horses in existence. Many of these originated outside the deserts of the Middle East. Greed, ambition, and a desire for prestige as well as an honest interest in preserving the breed from extinction were the driving forces that helped Arabian horses thrive and propagate over the last century. Since then, this honorable and beautiful animal, the Arabian horse, has flourished just as it did under the care of the Bedouins so many centuries ago.

Horse Breeding: Dressage Training For the Arabian Horse

2010-05-17T19:04:00.001+07:00

Is their a difference in training an Arabian for Dressage as opposed to training a Warmblood or even a Quarterhorse?

We found that out! My daughter is the most fortunate girl when it comes to her dressage trainer. Until a couple of years ago, she had mainly trained children and adults for dressage on Warmbloods and Quarterhorses but since we had this cute little Arab which was so willing to please and totally green, she took him on.

Here are some main differences in training hot blooded horses for dressage, versus Warmbloods and even Quarterhorses:

Keep your Arabian horse working at least a little 5 -7 days a week. Don't let him sit and get overly eager to go. They are hard to bring down and concentrate once they are excited.
While you can drill a Warmblood over and over again on the same exercise, an Arab needs variety. After you practice something 4 or 5 times, you really need to do something else for a while - preferably before his brain short cuts and he decides he's done.
When you do an exercise the same way repetitively, have him do the exact opposite for a while - otherwise he will let you know what is right and what is wrong. For example, do a 'leg yield' away from the rails instead of toward the rails. It breaks his thinking pattern and leaves you in the driver's seat.
Ride the horse you're on - be calm, don't override. You are supposed to be the calming agent. If you have an electric seat, take a very deep breath and lower your energy output by lot.
Arabs' heads like to come up, circle, maybe even hit your helmet while doing it. Don't try to pull his head down. It only makes it worse. On the other hand, don't give too much either, try to follow with your hands and send him forward and hopefully he'll learn that that's not a way to evade the bit and come off the aids.
Many Arabians learn to curl and go behind the bit. Again, that is nothing but an attempt to evade your aids (hands) - like above, send him forward while following his mouth with your hands.
And last but not least, love him, support him and try to turn all that energy into positive tension. Let him be brilliant and let him show off how cute he is while constantly suggesting to him what you want. You really cannot make them do anything.

Horse Breeding: The Polish Arabian Horse - A Product of War

2010-05-17T19:03:00.002+07:00

TOOLS OF WAR

Polish Arabian horses have a history that is inextricably entwined with war. Lacking natural boundaries, Poland has been a stomping ground for one invader after another: Mongols, Tatars, Turks, Germans and Russians have all taken their turn. Horses were valuable weapons in wartime. Due to Arabian horses' superior agility and stamina, cavalries in possession of Arabians would have a military advantage over their opponents.

Polish horsemen were at first victims on the receiving end of Arabian horses' astonishing abilities. The Poles captured the agile, fearless mounts as prizes of war from Asian and Middle Eastern foes. Polish stud farms were established as early as the 1500's to propagate the herd and level the playing field. Ironically, a truce with Turkey in 1699 cut off the supply of Arabian horses acquired in battle. Knowing how fleeting peace in their country generally was, the Poles sought to maintain their light cavalry's superiority. It was at that point that the Poles sent expeditions to obtain bloodstock from the Bedouins.

RISE OF THE GREAT STUD FARMS OF POLAND.

The breeding of Polish Arabians accelerated during the eighteenth century. The Slawuta stud, founded by Prince Sanguszko, was stocked with imports from Arabia. The first state-run stud farm was Janow Podlaski, established in 1817 by decree of Russia's Alexander I. Antoniny, the great stud farm that ultimately produced the stallion Skowronek, was established in 1850.

VICTIMS OF WAR

The Polish cavalry was an essential weapon in wartime, and thus a target by Poland's invaders. By the end of World War I, the Polish Arabian breeding program had been virtually destroyed, with only two dozen mares and seven fillies remaining. In 1926, the Poles formed the Arabian Horse Breeding Society, publishing their first studbook in 1932. In 1927, racing was introduced as a means of testing the mettle of their herd.

IMPORTANT IMPORTED SIRES

Although the Polish Arabian breeding program has always been based on its broodmares, two sires imported in 1931 had significant ramifications to the Polish Arabian line.

o Kuhailan Haifi: known for his athletic prowess.

o Ofir: sire of the 3-W Stallions, Witraz, Wielki Szlem (the foundation for Poland's post war sire lines) and Witez II (who would spread his influence in America.)

THE DISSIPATION OF THE HERD

While World War I was devastating to the Polish Arabian breed, World War II was an unmitigated disaster. In 1939, under the threat of the advancing German army, Russia removed a dozen of the finest stallions and 42 mares from the Janov stud. Included in the rescue - or theft, depending upon the point of view - was Ofir. Although the Poles protected their horses as best they could, many were lost. Iwonka III (grand-dam of Bask) and Witez II were shipped to the United States and auctioned off. At the end of World War II, Poland lost its autonomy once more, becoming part of the Soviet Union. What remained of the legendary Polish Arabian studs became the property of the state.

DOMINANT TYPES IN POLISH ARABIAN HORSES

The Polish Arabian breeding program has always been driven by two types:

o Seglawi
This type designates those horses possessing great beauty and refinement.
The color is predominantly grey.

o Kuhailan
This is the athletic ideal.
The color of these horses is predominantly bay.

THE PROVING GROUND

The proving ground for three-year-old Polish Arabian horses is the Warsaw track. There, breeders judge a horse's soundness, speed, and ability to recover quickly. The most proficient horses are sent to the stud farms to be bred. The others are sold.

THE AMERICAN CONNECTION

Apart from Henry Babson and General Dickinson in the 1930's, Poland was not a source for very many American purchases until the late 1950's. At that time, Patricia Lindsay, a British breeder who had become interested in the Polish Arabian breeding program, learned the language and made an excursion to Poland. While buying horses for her own program, she also became a purchasing agent for interested Americans.

POLISH ARABIAN HORSES FOR SALE

Each year, on the day following the Polish National Horse Show, an auction is held. This is the only opportunity for foreigners to buy horses for export. The stock consists primarily of broodmares. After a couple of seasons at stud, or sometimes fresh from the track, young Polish Arabian stallions are offered for sale through a silent auction.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse History - Rising to the Challenge in the US Army

2010-05-17T19:01:00.001+07:00

Early on in the history of the Arabian horse's arrival to America, the newly formed Arabian Horse Registry wanted a way to promote the horse in the United States. The directors of the Arabian Registry determined the best way of doing this was to get the Army interested in using and breeding Arabian horses. This was a substantial investment by the Arabian Registry because it took a lot of time, money and energy to prove to the Army and their cavalry majors that Arabian horses made the best cavalry horses.

In 1908, the Army had established the U.S. Remount Service, a horse cavalry unit. Its goal was to supply hundreds of thousands of horses for military use. To get the U.S Remount Service interested in Arabians, W.R. Brown, president of the Arabian Horse Registry at the time, organized the first Cavalry Endurance Ride in 1919. With a high regard for purebred Arabians overseas and their growing popularity in America, this was a perfect time to convince the government and the Army's Remount Service to breed them. Unfortunately, there were only 362 registered Arabians in the country in 1919. With so few Arabians, it was not an easy task to find enough of them to adequately represent the breed in the endurance ride. Even with this challenge, the Arabian horses made a superior showing, taking most of the prizes including first place in the endurance ride. W.R. Brown won first place on his purebred Arabian mare named Ramla #347. She carried 200 pounds during the ride.

The second Calvary Endurance Ride took place in 1920 and this time, the U.S. Remount Service was much more involved. The weight carried by the horses was increased from 200 pounds to 245 bounds. The horses traveled sixty miles a day for 5 days with a minimum time of 9 hours each day. The Arabian horses fared well again as they had the highest average points of any breed entered. This time, however, a grade Thoroughbred that was entered by the Army took first place.

Albert Harris, the Arabian Horse Registry Director from 1924 to 1949, believed that the Thoroughbred Jockey Club gave the Army $50,000 in 1921 so that they could purchase the best Thoroughbreds they could find in hopes of beating the purebred Arabians entered in the 1921 endurance ride. Mr. Harris wrote:

"With two endurance rides to the credit of Arabian horses in 1919 and 1920, the U.S. Remount, and incidentally the Jockey Club, felt something had to be done to beat these little horses in the next ride...".

The Army purchased several grade Thoroughbreds and planned to have Cavalry majors ride them. The Army also wanted the carried weight limit reduced back to 200 pounds. Since the Arabians had proven their mettle at 245 pounds, the Arabian Registry objected. Eventually, a the two sides compromised at 225 pounds.

In spite of the Army's efforts to have their grade Thoroughbreds beat out the Registry's Arabian horses, the first prize in the 1921 Cavalry Endurance Ride went to W.R. Brown's purebred Arabian gelding, Crabbet #309. W.R. Brown, with his Anglo-Arab gelding named Gouya, won the trophy for the third time in 1923.

W.R. Brown (and the Arabian Registry) had won the Calvary Endurance Ride three times with their Arabian horses. At that point, Mr. Brown gained permanent possession of the U.S. Mounted Service Cup. Albert Harris wrote in his history of the Arabian Horse Registry:

"... after 1923, the Arabian people decided not to enter their horses in the ride. This was done "so that the Army would have a chance of winning the cup the next time."

Actually, there was one exception. The Arabian people allowed the U.S. Remount Service to enter an Arabian stallion, El Sabok #276, in the 1925 endurance ride. The stallion ended up taking first place but he was not awarded the trophy because of a small welt raised under the cantle (projecting rear part) of his saddle. The U.S. Department of Animal Husbandry noted, though, that of all stallions of various breeds entered in all of the rides, El Sabok was the first and only one to finish a ride.

Fully convinced that Arabian horses had tremendous endurance, the Army planned to develop a supply of saddle horses that could be called to service if needed. Since Arabian horses were scarce at the time and difficult to obtain, the Army's breeding program didn't really get off the ground until 1941. This is when the Arabian Horse Registry directors decided to donate the nucleus of an Arabian stud to the U.S. Remount. Each director and Mr. W.K. Kellogg (of the Kellogg cereal company) personally donated one or more horses. A total of one stallion, seven broodmares (six in foal), one suckling filly, and three two-year-old fillies were placed at the Fort Robinson Remount Depot in Fort Robinson, Nebraska.

By 1943, the number of Arabian horses the Army owned was second only to the number of Thoroughbreds they owned. Later that same year, W.K. Kellogg (an Arabian Horse Registry Director from 1927 to 1940) and Albert Harris, helped the U.S. Remount Service gain possession of Mr. Kellogg's Arabian stud in Pomona California. The stud was originally given to the state of California, but with World War II heating up, the U.S. Remount Service felt they had a need for it. In October of 1943, Mr. Kellogg was successful in getting the California Board of Regents to turn over the Arabian Ranch (and 97 purebred Arabian horses) to the U.S. Army for use as a remount station. The ranch was owned by the War Department from 1943-1948 and was known as the Pomona Quartermaster Depot (Remount).

Later in 1948, the Army decided to dispose of all its horse operations to the highest bidder. In June of 1949, President Harry S. Truman signed a bill which transferred the ranch back to the W. K. Kellogg Foundation. On July 2 of that same year, the California Legislature passed Assembly Concurrent Resolution No.100 which favored the transfer of the ranch from the Kellogg Foundation to the California Polytechnic College. To this day, the school continues to maintain a prestigious Arabian breeding program. As warfare has become more technological, the Arabian horse has made its transition from the Army to being used in various equine sport activities and an endeared equine to horse enthusiasts and families.

Horse Breeding: The Arabian Horse - Beauty and Versatility - You Can Have Your Cake and Eat it Too

2010-05-17T19:00:00.001+07:00

Today, people love, admire, and depend upon Arabian horses for their superior versatility and athleticism, just as the ancient Bedouin tribesmen of the Middle East did so many centuries ago. The Bedouin put their loyal mounts to the ultimate athletic tests as beasts of burden and a means of transportation.

As encampments moved, Arabian horses carried heavy loads over miles of hot desert sand with little food or water. Often quieter than stallions, mares served as war horses, allowing their masters to sneak up on the enemy during tribal raids. These animals were cherished, honored, and loved. Arabians were so crucial to the Bedouin way of life, that they often slept in the family tent on chilly nights. The horses returned the love to their masters, developing an intense protective loyalty and willingness to please. Centuries of close interdependence with man helped this equine evolve into a horse with sensitivity, intelligence, and an ability to bond with humans.

The Arabian has the distinction of being the oldest living breed of horse. Equus Agilis, one of the four original species of horse has been identified in modern times as the Arabian horse. While other breeds disappeared or were mixed with different breeds, the Arabian horse has remain virtually unchanged. Although the first recorded history of the horse was from 3,000 years ago, some archaeologists believe the breed existed as long as 40,000 years ago.

Beauty Meets Athleticism

The purebred Arabian is known for its elegant features. Its dished head, large eyes, arched neck, and high tail carriage precede its reputation as the most beautiful of all breeds. An old Arab expression was used to describe this look: "A neck curved like a crescent moon and a nose that could fit into a teacup". This refinement, however, is more than just cosmetic.

The Arabian's natural physical characteristics have helped it perform exceptionally well in today's equine activities. The short, dished head and wide, flaring nostrils allow for maximum oxygen intake. The arched neck keeps the windpipe defined and clear to carry air to the lungs. There's plenty of room for lung expansion because of well-sprung ribs and a deep chest cavity. Through careful breeding, strong, resilient legs are free of most lameness problems that are common in other horse breeds. Some scientists believe the Arabian horse has one less vertebra in its back, allowing it to carry greater weight. It is qualities like this that give the Arabian horse superior athleticism and versatility. Basically, Arabian horses can excel in any activity that people enjoy doing with horses.

Genetic Strength That Lasts

The amazing beauty, intelligence, strength, and endurance of Arabian horses, still endures today. This is greatly due to the Bedouins careful breeding and recording of bloodlines. Since the bloodlines have remained so pure and have been carefully cultivated over the years, a strong genetic stability, known as prepotency has resulted. This ability to pass on traits allows Arabian qualities such as beauty, intelligence, endurance, and temperament to become quite evident in crosses with other breeds. For thousands of years, people bred Arabian horses to their own stock to pick up the famous Arabian qualities. In fact, the Arabian horse is the genetic predecessor of every light horse breed in existence today.

The Horse For All Uses

The Arabian is considered one of the best breeds for distance. This is due to their superior endurance and stamina which enable him to consistently win competitive trail and endurance rides. Arabians are known to excel in many facets including:

o Recreational riding - the most popular activity with all horse owners.

o A perfect family horse - they have a loyal and willing nature

o A great horse for children - they have very affectionate personalities

o Driving and reining events - a combined high intelligence and skillful footwork make them more than capable in these events.

o Any events that require speed, agility, and gracefulness

It is also noteworthy that the Arabian horse was the original racehorse. Arabian horses race distances that are similar to Thoroughbreds, with more than 700 all-Arabian races held throughout the U.S. annually.

The Arabian is not just another pretty horse. These beautiful animals are an all-around family horse, show horse, competitive sport horse, and work horse. They are loyal and have such a peaceful nature that you might even call them a friend. How's that for versatility.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse History - Domestic Bloodlines

2010-05-17T18:59:00.001+07:00

DOMESTIC ARABIANS

"Domestic Arabians" is the name given to Arabian horses bred in the United States. The bloodline for Domestic Arabians, like that of most Americans themselves, is a melting pot of influences from all over the world. However, the single most important event in the history of purebred Domestic Arabians was held on American soil.

THE 1893 CHICAGO WORLD'S FAIR

Forty Arabian horses were exported from the desert, along with their Bedouin handlers, to be part of the Ottoman Empire exhibit at the Chicago World's Fair. They made a huge impact on the American horse breeders who witnessed them at the fair.

SULTAN ABDUL HAMID II

Abdul Hamid II was, from 1876 to 1909, the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and he maintained a stud of Arabian horses whose ancestry was well documented. The Arabian Horse Club of America registered two of his stallions, *Leopard and *Linden Tree, after he donated them to President Ulysses S. Grant. The Hamidie Hipppodrome Society was a group of wealthy Arab investors which took its name from the Sultan and in which he had an interest. The Hamidie Society sponsored the equestrian portion of the Ottoman Empire exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and the Sultan contributed two of his prized horses. He later permitted the exportation of desert-bred Arabian mares to America as a favor to President Theodore Roosevelt.

THE FATE OF THE WORLD'S FAIR HORSES

Financial difficulties forced the Hamidie Society to sell all the horses from the Ottoman exhibit at the end of the World's Fair. Many of the horses put up for sale were young stallions. One mare among the Hamidie horses was a grey beauty named Nejdme, who commanded $1200 at auction, an enormous price for a horse at the time. She was bought by J.A.P. Ramsdell, and went on to become the dam of eleven registered foals. Her blood is a common factor in many Domestic Arabians.

THE REPORTER WHO LOVED NEJDME

Homer Davenport was a journalist covering the World's Fair for the Chicago Herald. He developed a fascination with the Arabian horses on display, and spent years after their auction tracking them down and studying their ancestry. He bought two of Nejdme's foals and founded the Davenport Desert Arabian Studs. One of Davenport's political cartoons had helped Theodore Roosevelt win the 1904 election. In return, Roosevelt lent his political clout to Davenport's expedition to the desert in 1906. The result was that Davenport was able to not only bring back a quantity of stud colts, which were easy to obtain, but also eight purebred mares. Mares were illegal to export and required special permission from the Sultan. By 1910, Davenport had bought Nejdme, had imported Crabbet Park Arabians, and was well on his way to becoming one of the best-known breeders of Domestic Arabian horses. "Davenport Arabians" are direct descendants of his horses.

THE ARABIAN HORSE REGISTRY

In 1908, Davenport and his colleagues formed the Arabian Horse Registry of America. Nejdme was the first horse listed, as AHR-1. The number of horses registered with the AHR was half a million by 1994. Today, the number of Arabian horses registered in North America exceeds that of all the rest of the world put together.

THE CMK TRADEMARK

CMK is a working preservationist movement and trademark, the letters standing for Crabbet Maynesboro Kellogg. In 1982, the first CMK catalogue declared that it was listing stallions whose pedigree traced at least 75% to the foundation stock of the following breeders: Crabbet Park Stud in England and the Sheykh Obeyd Stud in Cairo; the Hamidie Society horses from the World's Fair; Homer Davenport; Spencer Borden; W.R. Brown; Randolph Huntington; W.K. Kellogg; Roger Selby; William Randolph Hearst; and J.R. Dickinson.

A CMK Arabian must trace in tail female to a purebred family established before 1950 in North America, and to a CMK sire line in tail male.

CMK'S EARLY BREEDERS

Aside from the Crabbet Park Stud and the Sheikh Obeyd Stud, which were started by Lord and Lady Blunt of England, the other early breeders that would become the foundation of the CMK trademark were based in America:

o Homer Davenport, whose 1906 expedition to Arabia had as its goal to bring home exceptional purebreds in order to produce a line of unbeatable polo ponies. Peter B. Bradley financed the desert trek. He was a Boston industrialist who had bought many of the World's Fair stallions, including Obeyran (AHR-2.) Upon Davenport's death in 1912, his horses became the property of Bradley, who continued to breed Davenport Arabians up to the 1920's.

o Spencer Borden traveled to Egypt soon after his exposure to the Arabian horses at the Chicago World's Fair. He founded the Interlachen Stud with his importation of 20 horses between 1898 and 1911.

o William Robinson Brown was an early player on the Domestic Arabian scene, establishing the Maynesboro Stud in New Hampshire in 1912. The financial devastation of the great depression required him to sell his 33 horses, imported from Crabbet Park, Egypt and France, to the other major breeders of the time: Kellogg Ranch, William Randoph Hearst, Roger Selby and J.M. Dickinson, among others.

o Albert W. Harris was a Chicago banker whose Maynesboro-purchased horse won the first major endurance race held in the United States. Harris established the Kemah Arabian Farm with a Davenport import, and descendants of his farm are called "Harris Arabians."

o Randolph Huntington of Oyster Bay, New York left his mark on the Domestic Arabian by breeding his imported desert-bred mare *Naomi to President Grant's Leopard. They produced Anazeh, the sire of foals who still appear in the pedigrees of modern Domestic Arabians. Khaled 5 was another important sire bred by Huntington.

o W.K. Kellogg, the cereal magnate, founded the Kellogg Ranch in Pomona, California in 1925. He began with imports from Crabbet Park, and held weekend exhibitions of his highly schooled Arabian horses, spreading the popularity of the breed. Many of his horses sired champions.

o The Roger Selby Stud, based in Portsmouth Ohio, was just as important in the East. Many of Selby's horses were well-known, prolific sires, especially Skowronek's son *Raffles, a grey stallion imported from Crabbet in 1932. *Raffles was influential in the development of the Domestic Arabian, begetting 122 foals.

o An eclectic breeder was J.M. Dickinson, a Brigadier General who founded Traveler's Rest Farm in 1930 on his family's estate in Franklin, Tennessee. An accomplished horseman, General Dickinson blended Kellogg, Maynesboro, Crabbet and Harris stock, as well as direct imports from Egypt, Brazil and Poland. Along with Selby and Brown, General Dickinson meticulously catalogued his breeding herd.

o William Randolph Hearst, the storied newspaper magnate, established one of the largest herds of Arabians at San Simeon from the 1930's until his death in 1951. His first horses were procured from Maynesboro and Traveler's Rest.

THE EXPANSION OF THE BREED

Henry Babson saw his first purebred Arabians as a young man working at the Chicago World's Fair. But it was not until he was 57 years old that he began his stud farm in Grand Detour, Illinois, with the purchase of seven purebred Arabian horses from Egypt. Babson imported Polish Arabians a few years later, but by 1960, he decided to adhere to Egyptian bloodlines exclusively, and sold off all of his non-Egyptian Arabian stock. The descendants from his Egyptian Arabian breeding program are known as "Babson Arabians."

In 1945, the U.S. Army evacuated, to the Kellogg Ranch, a small group of Polish Arabians that had been held by the German army. Among the evacuees was *Witez II, who had been sired by Ofir out of Federacja. Although his parents were shipped off to found the Tersk stud in Russia, *Witez II found his fortune in America. He sired 223 foals in his lifetime, making a significant contribution to the bloodlines of the Domestic Arabian horse.

Bazy Tankersley imported 32 Crabbet Arabians in 1957, and became an important breeder of the CMK bloodlines.

NOT JUST ANOTHER PRETTY FACE

Domestic Arabian breeders were first located in the Midwest, near the inciting incident that was the Chicago World's fair. Interest then radiated out to the east coast. The center of activity next migrated to California. Today, Domestic Arabian breeders are located all across the United States. Early breeders were quite willing to cross bloodlines, adding to the melting pot of the gene pool. The primary goal was to create beautiful, useful horses with great endurance that were exceptional jumpers and polo players. Idle beauties had no role to play in the development of the Domestic Arabian horse.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse Type

2010-05-17T18:57:00.001+07:00

Type in the Arabian breed of horses should always approached from a broad vantage point and with a historical perspective in mind. The summation of definitive characteristics should be the focus rather than a singular factor or trait of the horse. It is paramount that one considers the unique qualities of the Arabian, a desert horse, as defined by Lady Wentworth: utility, soundness, temper, and vitality. These are the qualities that separate the purebred Arabian from other horse breeds and they are superior in all respects. More quantitatively, these fundamental assessment criteria can be put into the context of four major areas: Balance, Quality, Movement, and Disposition.

Balance
Arabian horses have superb balance, symmetry, and harmony of proportion. They are distinctly athletic and although balance is essential for all horse breeds, the apex is achieved with the Arabian horse. In other words, the Arabian is the "epitome of all things that a quality horse should have" in a compact form. Also, to have a correct physical build, balance is fundamental. It is equally essential in establishing the foundation of type. Without balance, the Arabian horse would fail to be a creature of serviceability, which is what has so endeared him to man. Of course, some Arabians in the breed may exude an extreme in one or more specific attributes such as the head, neck, height, or movement. The ultimate goal, though, is balance when it comes to a supremely useful Arabian horse. The true beauty of the purebred Arabian is in their harmonious body movement; this comes from having excellent balance.

Quality
Quality is an attribute that can be elusive and quite hard to quantify, but for those who have seen it, it is unmistakable. It has been referred to as beauty, elegance, presence, charisma, radiance, or vitality. Quality is the single element that defines the Arabian horse best. Whatever you want to call it, it can be seen in the alert command of the Arabian stallion, the confident maternal bearing of an Arabian mare, or the young foal who shows a zest for life. When looking at Arabian type, it is important that any Arabian horse should have irreproachable quality.

Movement
Also vital to defining Arabian type is movement and how capable and efficient the horse is. From a historical perspective, Bedouin mounts were expected to be both swift and have a high stamina as they were used as warhorses and for transportation. Through the centuries, the Arabian horse was selectively bred with these traits intact to become an equine of superior soundness, agility, and versatile athleticism. Arabian horses were expected to have great dexterity back in the ancient Middle Eastern desert as they were the original surefooted vehicles of war.

They needed the agility to charge swiftly into raids or battle and be able to make an abrupt turn on their haunches for a quick getaway. Having this agility required an ample muscularity and harmonious strength. The stride of the Arabian has always been long, light, powerful, and purposeful. Their movement has such an efficiency of exertion and fluidity of motion. These defining traits of the Arabian horse's movement have carried forward to today as any Arabian of superior type should exude an abundant athletic ability.

Disposition
Just as important as balance, quality, and movement to the fundamental definition of Arabian type is disposition. If the disposition is lacking, then all of the other aspects are of little consequence. Purebred Arabians as a breed have always been:

o Highly intelligent
o Kind
o Willing and fairly easy to train
o Courageous
o Curious and social amongst humans

They have been blessed with a highly spirited character while still being manageable. The Arabian horse is unrivaled as a companion within the equine world. In the ancient Middle Eastern deserts, Arabians were forced into an intimate coexistence with the nomadic Bedouins so that both would survive. This demanded a highly compliant and agreeable disposition. This is, in all likelihood, the most intangible quality that has most endeared the Arabian horse to mankind.

Concisely defined, type in the Arabian breed of horse is the ideal combination of beauty and serviceability. Neither should be sacrificed at the expense of the other if true Arabian type is to be attained. The fundamental elements of beauty can be broken down to quality and disposition of the purebred Arabian while balance and movement would be the crucial components of serviceability. For many Arabian horse enthusiasts, these are the breed hallmarks that define Arabian type.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse Characteristics - Not Your Ordinary Horse

2010-05-17T18:56:00.002+07:00

A Beautifully Built Head and Neck

Arabian horses have a distinct beauty that is cherished today, just as it was centuries ago in the Middle Eastern desert by the ancient Bedouins. This beauty is not only cosmetic but the Arabian horse's build also give it some great advantages.

Let's take a look at the head and neck of the Arabian:

o A refined, wedge-shaped head that is finely chiseled
o A broad forehead
o Large, lustrous eyes that are set far apart
o Large nostrils
o Small 'teacup' muzzles
o Lips that are fine and thin
o Ears that are smaller in stallions and of good size in mares. They are set evenly together and they have great flexibility.
o The skeleton of the head is characterized by a relative shortness of skull, slender lower jaw, and a larger size brain area within the skull.

The Arabian's head has always been considered a thing of beauty and the Arabian's face really sets it apart from other horse breeds.

The majority of Arabian horses display a distinctive concave or "dished" profile. Also, many Arabians have a forehead bulge between their eyes, known as the Jibbah. The Islamic people believed the Arabian horse was a gift from Allah and that the forehead bulge held his blessings. From a physical standpoint, the forehead bulge gives the Arabian extra sinus capacity, a plus for endurance. Another characteristic that helps with breathing and endurance is the arched neck with a large, well-set windpipe set on a refined, clean throat latch. This high-arched neck often signified courage to the ancient Bedouins and Islamics. The cheek bones are spread wide apart at the throat, typically between five or six inches. This enables the muzzle to be drawn in without compressing the Arabian horse's windpipe, and permitting the animal to breathe easily when running. As you can see from some of the characteristics that an Arabian has in its head and neck, this horse is built for long rides and running.

A Powerful Body, Bred to Perfection

Arabian horses have a broad chest and a short, but strong back and sloped shoulders which give them power and floaty gaits. In general, all horses that are bred to gallop or run need a good length of croup (posterior or backside) and a good length of hip for proper attachment of muscles (as a rule, both go together). Typically, a good-quality Arabian has both a relatively horizontal croup and a properly angled pelvis with good length of croup and depth of hip (or length of pelvis) to allow agility and impulsion. Of course, within the Arabian breed there are variations:

An Arabian horse with wider, more powerfully muscled hindquarters is more suitable for intense bursts of activity such as reining.

An Arabian horse with longer, leaner muscles is better suited for endurance riding or horse racing.

Size and Colors

Arabian horses typically stand between 14.1 and 15.1 hands (57 to 61 inches) tall. Of course there will be an occasional horse that is over or under this. Therefore, all Arabians, regardless of their height, are classified as horses even though 14.2 hands is the traditional cutoff height between a horse and a pony. A common misconception is that the purebred Arabian isn't strong due to its smaller height. Their bone density, though, is much greater than that of many other breeds. This gives the Arabian breed physical strength that is comparable to many taller animals.

For color, Arabian horses are bay, gray, chestnut, and black and sometimes roan. Common markings on Arabians include:

* Stars, stripes, or blaze faces
* Snip noses
* A white foot or more, or white stockings

Arabian horses that appear white are actually gray since their skin is black. White hair on horses grows out of pink skin. Arabian horses follow suit and any white markings found will show white hair growing out of pink skin.

A Pleasant Disposition

Arabian horses are well known for being affectionate and bonding well with humans. This goes back to their early history with Bedouin tribes in the Middle Eastern desert. The ancient Bedouins and Arabian horses lived inter-dependently as a means of survival. The Bedouins often prized these animals and sheltered them from the harsh elements of the desert by keeping them in their family tend. A strong bond formed and through the centuries, the Arabian breed has kept its gentleness and its willingness to learn and please. This makes purebred Arabians perfect for activities such as riding and showing and it makes them a perfect horse for children and families to enjoy. Having such a mild and gentle temperament makes Arabians one of the few breeds that the United States Equestrian Federation allows children to exhibit stallions in nearly all show ring classes, including those that are limited to riders under 18.

A High Intelligence to Boot

Arabian horses are classified as a "hot-blooded" horse. Even though they are in the "hot-blooded" category, most Arabians have a natural tendency to cooperate with humans. This category includes other refined, spirited horse breeds that are bred for speed such as Thoroughbreds. Like other hot-bloods, the sensitivity and intelligence of Arabians enable them to learn quickly. It also enables riders to communicate with Arabians more easily than other horse breeds. Thus training them is typically easier than other horse breeds.

A Perfectly Engineered Horse

Throughout the ages, romantic myths and stories have been told about Arabian horses that give them near-divine characteristics. The ancient Bedouins and Islamics considered these horses perfect, prizing them for their unparalleled beauty, sturdiness, stamina, high intelligence, and friendly nature. Virtually unchanged through careful breeding, Arabian horses still exemplify these same characteristics today and their popularity continues to grow.

Horse Breeding: A Variety of Useful Horse Types Developed

2010-05-02T18:07:00.001+07:00

The planned mating of horses that is directed by humans has given rise to a number of special breeds of horses. Breeders, the persons who help facilitate healthy horse breeding, seek to bring about an enhancement in the physical performance abilities of the offspring or foal even more than improving their appearance. This matching of 'form to function' is a successful means of development of different healthy and (functionally) superior breeds.

People from all over the world have owned horses for various reasons. This is just the reason why various breeds of horses had been developed over the years to provide improved efficiency at particular tasks. Horses can now be classified into three main categories- pony, light and heavy. There can, however, be created further subcategories like draft horses, gaited horses and warmbloods.

It is by learning about these various breeds that an idea can be formed on the kind of horse best suited for a situation and a particular type of work. Some horses are best suited for children to ride on them while some are right for the whole family's riding purpose. Again, some other horses may be appropriate for racing- the race horses while some others may prove to be helpful on the ranch.

There are a number of popular breeds of ponies the smallest among which is the Shetland pony which is given to children as their first horse to ride on. For older children the Connemara pony is recommended. This being larger than the Shetland is suitable for older children. The Welsh pony little larger than the Connemara is a good breed of horse for young adults and young teens to ride on.

Among the light breeds of horses feature the Miniature Horses. Though this may seem like a pony but it is not actually one. It does not have the characteristics of the pony. This horse serves as a companion for children and also acts as a guide for the disabled. The adored Arabian horses also come into the category of light horses. These are attractive, loving, graceful and speedy horses. The Arabian horse is perceived to be a perfect breed. Not only does it possess the required speed and endurance for racing but it also has got a kind and noble disposition.

The popular light breed horse Thoroughbred is a descendant of the Arabian horse. This being a fast horse is well suited for racing purposes. For ranching a Quarter Horse, an American breed, is most appropriate. The Morgan Horse, a family friendly and hardworking horse is another smaller but useful horse.

Besides these there are also the heavy breeds or heavy horses which include the draft horses or the horses that were used in battle at a time. The Percheron is a small and powerful heavy horse which is easier to train while the attractive Clydesdale is the most famous of the draft horses which were bred to work on farms or pull carts and wagons.

Horse Breeding: Desert Bred - Origins of the Arabian Horse

2010-05-02T18:05:00.001+07:00

The Arabian horse has scholars in disagreement about his exact origins. Some argue that the proto-Arabian horse evolved in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent, where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers run. Others believe the southwestern Arabian Peninsula once boasted natural pastures, citing as evidence dry riverbeds that date back to the Ice Age.

Scholars also differ in their theories about the progenitors of the Arabian horse. Some think the Arabian descended from one of the four subtypes of Equus caballus:

• Akhal-Teke of western Asia
• Barb of North Africa
• Marwari Horse of India
• Turkoman Horse (now extinct)

Others assert that the Arabian had its own subtype: Equus caballus pumpelli.

Whatever his ancestry, aside from having grown somewhat larger, the Arabian horse has remained largely unchanged through thousands of years. His wild progenitor originally appeared as far back as 2500 B.C., in rock paintings found in the Arabian Peninsula. By 1550 B.C., an Egyptian painting depicted a chariot pulled by a horse with certain recognizable characteristics of the Arabian type: a refined head, an arched neck and a high-carried tail.

It is doubtful that the horse migrated on his own into the desert of the Arabian Peninsula. The area has been an arid, inhospitable land for some 10,000 years and it would have been nearly impossible for horses to exist there without human caretakers, since horses can only survive for 72 hours without water. The Bedouins, a nomadic people of the Nejd desert, seem to have domesticated the Arabian horse prototype around 5,000 years ago, shortly after they began making use of the camel. In the midst of the desert, with no natural pasture available, the Bedouins provided their horses with water and food in the form of camel's milk and dates.

Bedouins had a purist philosophy of horse breeding, maintaining bloodlines through inbreeding and line-breeding. Over time, prized strains evolved, each with distinguishing characteristics. Horses were bred for intelligence, speed, agility and endurance. Weak horses were culled from the gene pool. Though beauty was not necessary for survival, the Bedouins nevertheless selectively bred their horses for refinement. Mares were preferable to stallions because they were more tractable and also because they were quieter, facilitating nighttime raids. Prized mares were often kept inside the family tent to guard against theft, and so a good disposition was vital. What becomes apparent is that the Arabian horse is the oldest human-developed breed of horse in the world.

As the Arabian horse spread to the East - through trade, abduction, bribery, deception and tribute - he changed the world. Estranged cultures were united. Empires rose and fell due to the warhorse's prowess. The Arabian horse appears in hieroglyphics, his image is carved in monuments and on signet rings, his glory is extolled in paintings, and ancient documents attest to the fearsome beauty of his thundering hooves.

One day, the question of the Arabian breed's origins may be answered definitively. Archaeologists could make new discoveries that upend previous assumptions about his beginnings. Or perhaps his true origins will be forever cloaked in mystery. Until then, we can only marvel at the serendipity that brought us such a magnificent animal. Through the ages, caretakers and breeders have preserved his qualities for posterity and have passed down this most important bequest - the Arabian horse.

Horse Breeding: Equine Breeding For Beginners

2010-05-02T18:03:00.002+07:00

You've got it! That beautiful stallion or mare that is the perfect example of everything a horse of its breed should be. It's got great conformation, a perfect temperament, and has performed well in its chosen discipline. You know this horse could benefit its breed by passing on its progeny.

You've made the decision to breed your horse.

So, now what? Do you follow the old adage and "breed the best to the best and hope for the best?"

Well, while that advice is actually tried-and-true, and certainly not the worst advice in the world, you are going to have to take a few extra steps to make sure the resulting foal is everything you hope it will be. Because the foal will be a blend of both the sire's and the dam's genetics, there are a few things to consider when choosing a good mate for your horse.

o Consider the goal of breeding your horse. In other words, what kind of horse are you breeding for? Do you want to produce a horse for dressage, hunting, cutting, reining, endurance, driving, or one of the other many disciplines? Knowing what kind of horse you want to produce will help you narrow the field as you consider mates for your horse.

o Look at your horse's conformation. No horse is perfect! Take a good look at your horse, and make notes about his good points, as well as what needs improving. Now do the same to the mates you are considering. Eliminate any horse who have weak points in common with your horse, and lean toward those who correct your horse where he is weak.

o Consider the temperament of potential mates. A horse who is easy to work with is just as valuable as a horse with perfect conformation. Because disposition may be genetic, be sure to evaluate the mate's personality. What kind of temperament are you looking for in the foal? Is the mate nervous or confident? Timid or bold? Calm or jumpy?

o Look at prior progeny. If the mate has other offspring, take a good look at them. Did the mate pass along its good traits to its progeny? Did any congenital defects crop up? You can investigate ancestry even further by contacting breeders with the same line. Did the dam, sire, and siblings of the mate you are considering produce successful individuals?

o Investigate the health of the mate. Is the mare or stallion in good health? Look for the normal things, like bright eyes, a shiny coat, and an alert expression. If the animal is under or overweight consider carefully, especially if it is a mare. Mares who are not in good body weight can sometimes have difficulty getting in foal. Make sure the horse is sound and moves correctly. Be wary of horses with injuries, as certain weaknesses can be passed to offspring. You should also make sure the horse has received good veterinary care, including regular deworming and current vaccinations.

o Do a breeding exam. A mare should always undergo a breeding exam before you commit. Maiden mares will need rectal and vaginal exams, while proven mares may need more extensive examinations.

o When you think you've decided, think again! That's right. Before you sign any papers or contracts, make sure you know what breeding entails, including the costs involved. And always, always make sure you have a valid reason for breeding your horse. It is not something to be done lightly! In the end, if you've determined that your horse can contribute the betterment of the breed, you well understand what financial and health risks you'll be up against, and you've found a good mate, go for it!

Horse Breeding: An In-Depth Look At Breeding Horses

2010-05-02T18:01:00.001+07:00

Feral and wild horses breed naturally with no problems, but the selective breeding of purebred horses obviously requires specialist human intervention. The mating of two such horses has to be carefully planned, in order to produce the favourable characteristics required. Human management of horse breeding also ensures healthier pregnancies and a more successful outcome for foaling.

In breeding terms, the male horse (stallion) is known as the sire, and the female (mare) is known as the dam. Each plays an equal part in the genetic make-up of any ensuing offspring, so it is important that both possess the desirable characteristics needed. This is especially important to professional breeders, who wish to produce good foals of a certain breed. It is also possible to mate two different types of horse in order to create a new breed, with its own distinctive characteristics.

In horse breeding, there are half-brothers and sisters (horses who share the same mother but have a different father), horses fathered by the same stallion (referred to as 'by the same sire') and ones that share the same mother and father (known as 'full siblings').

A horse owner needs to take several factors into account before deciding to breed the animal, such as:

- Does the breeding partner have excellent genetic qualities?

- Is the animal in good health?

- What purpose will any ensuing foal be used for? Will it be kept or sold on?

- What are the economic benefits for the owners of the sire and the dam?

Furthermore, the owner of a mare will have to take into account the extra added costs associated with seeing their animal through gestation and add to this the very expensive costs of nursing a foal. There are many things to consider, starting with the stud fee. After this, the pregnant mare will require adequate veterinary care throughout her pregnancy, and she will also need proper nutrition - both these things will cost the owner a substantial amount of money. Finally, there is the cost of caring for the foal and mother post-gestation to consider. When taking all these factors into account, it becomes apparent that it is difficult to make a profit from horse-breeding, especially for the mare owner. This is a major factor for horse owners, and many decide not to breed their animals due to the huge expense involved.

A newborn foal is worth approximately three times the cost of the stud fee, and would fetch this if sold immediately after birth. However, if the foal is kept for any longer period of time, the costs of caring for it far outweigh any profits. Sadly, foals bred without careful consideration may end up being sold at a loss, or worse still, being sold for horse meat.

To conclude, horse owners should give careful consideration to whether they wish to breed their animal, what their motivations are and how achievable they may be.

Horse Breeding: Arabian Horse Breeders

2010-05-02T17:58:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding: Horse Supplements - The Importance of Nutrition and Breeding

2010-05-02T17:52:00.002+07:00

Nutrition, training, breeding and care are the ingredients that make up the horse athlete. The top ranges of efficiency in working or show horses could only be recognized when standard feed and supplement necessities are achieved for the equine. A horse supplement should deliver a total and healthy package of vitamins, nutrients, probiotics and digestive aids in 1 carrier which is required by equines in all types and levels of performance.

There are many nutritional vitamin supplements available on the market today. However, hardly any are produced, well-balanced and buffered to fulfill the specifications of all categories of horses, and quite a few are expensive and difficult to make use of on a daily basis and the horse owner just determines the equine does not need to have this product when in fact they do as the majority of the feed stuff is highly processed, aged, rotten and missing most of its nutrients.

Diet regime, physical exercise, breeding and proper care are the ingredients that make up the horse athlete. The optimum ranges of efficiency in working or show horses could only be recognized when simple feed and supplement requirements are met for the horse. A horse supplement should give a total and healthy package of nutritional vitamins, nutrients, probiotics and digestive aids in a single bottle which is needed by horses in all types and periods of performance.

There are various health supplements in the marketplace nowadays. Nevertheless, some are produced, complete and buffered to satisfy the standards of all categories of equines, and many are expensive and complicated to make use of daily and the horse owner just determines the equine does not need to have this product when in actuality they do as most of the feed stuff is refined, old, rotten and lost almost all of its nutrients.

A dietary supplements philosophy must be to work at the cellular level bathing the cells in optimal nutrition, and the cells will respond with resilience, health, and endurance and the formulation should really have outlasted the test of time and developed champions.

A horse supplement company's goal must be to offer an economical, basic, intelligent solution for the total health and nourishment of the complete horse. Customers should expect top efficiency and maximum pleasure from their equines as well as 100 % satisfaction, secure feeling from the merchandise they are utilising and the assistance provided will be unparalleled, uncompromising professionalism, honest and have integrity they are doing the most they can for the owner and their horses.

There are several health supplements on the market nowadays. However, hardly any are produced, well-balanced and buffered to meet the preferences of all categories of equines, and several are expensive and complex to work with everyday and the owner just determines the equine does not have to have this health supplement when in reality they do as a lot of the feed stuff is processed, old, spoiled and missing nearly all of its vitamins and minerals.

Horse Breeding: Horseback Riding Lessons Are an Excellent Family Activity

2010-04-27T09:51:00.001+07:00

Horse Breeding

Whether or not you and your loved ones have ever taken horseback riding lessons, you should consider incorporating this fun activity into your next family trip by booking a horseback riding adventure for novice or beginning riders.

Where are these lessons offered?

You might pick a location in the United States, or see another country from the back of a horse. Some of the places where you can book horseback adventures are:

- The African continent
- The Asian continent
- The European continent
- Both the South and Central American continents
- New Zealand and Australia

Bundles that include horseback riding

There are numerous horseback riding activity bundles you can purchase, so you are sure to find one that will fit your loved ones' desires and abilities.

Some of these adventures are:

- Learn Western-style riding by visiting an actual ranch
- Take a wagon train
- Ride a horse from one place of lodging to another
- Take lessons or attend classes- Learn either Western or English style riding on the trail
- Take lessons on gaited horses, like the Peruvian Paso, the Icelandic Horse, or the Tennessee Walking Horse.
- Take pack trips, which is riding a horse next to pack animals in a barren land and camping out in the evenings.

You should be able to locate affordable group rates, and you will probably get a horse assigned to you for the entire time you are there. Be aware that these vacation spots typically impose a weight limit, so if this could be a problem, it is important to investigate any weight stipulations prior to paying for a trip in order to prevent disappointment.

Discover the perfect family trip.

Begin investigating your options through these two accommodating websites.

Both http://www.ridingtours.com and hiddentrails.com are very user-friendly and will provide you with many options from which you can select your ideal vacation either in the United States or elsewhere. In addition, they will provide you with some actual footage of their vacation options.

How Advanced are Your Loved Ones' Riding Skills?

You will need to know what is meant by a beginning rider and a novice rider, so you can accurately measure your loved ones' riding abilities as you choose your horseback riding vacation. A beginner does not have very much riding experience and does not know how to make a horse canter or trot. A novice can get on and off the horse on his/her own, can make the horse walk in a controlled manner, can make the horse trot for quite awhile, and can make the horse canter for short distances. No matter which horseback riding adventure you select, your loved ones are going to enjoy being together in a fun, interactive way that involves horses.

Horse Breeding: Taking A Horseback Riding Lesson

2010-04-27T09:42:00.003+07:00

Horse Breeding

You love horses but you have never ridden one. You want to take a horseback riding lesson but where do you start to find a place to go to and learn. There are professional riding clinics that can teach you all the skills you need not only to handle horses but also to perfect your riding skills. They can be found by doing a bit of research whether on the internet, your local phone book or a stable near you. .

When you take lessons, you may learn about the different styles of saddles and riding. There is the English and Western saddles for the most part. There are also trick-rider saddles and jockey saddles along with other types, but for first time horseback riding lessons they will start with the most common. Having the right kind of lessons will not only make the sport safer but will also make it more enjoyable.

There are different types of horseback riding lessons to take. Whether you are interested in cross-country, trail, jumping, barrel racing, obstacle, sports riding for hunting pleasures, and hill and mountain riding a horseback riding clinic can teach you all the aspects and techniques. They will also teach you about dressage and the different types of equipment and tack for maintaining your horse, stables and barns. They will teach you the best techniques and tricks for showing your horse and grooming and caring for their coats, hooves and teeth.

If you are looking to just take a horseback riding lesson so you can take vacations and enjoy horses away from home, there are riding clinics that can teach you the basics that you will need to know the get the best experience. Along with camps, vacation destinations and the stable around the corner near home you will be able to educate yourself on equestrian sports or just pleasure riding whenever and wherever you like. If you take a horseback riding lesson for yourself, you can enjoy a vacation camp to learn the tricks of the trade and enjoy the beautiful scenery as well.

Whatever choice you make in taking a horseback riding lesson you will learn and have fun doing it. Shop around and do a bit of research at what different places have to offer. You can go online or talk to a tour specialist. Make a few calls or talk to others. You may find someone who can recommend that special place where you cannot only take riding lessons but also learn about horses, dressage, and equipment and make a vacation of fun from it all. There is something for everyone. You can even plan a honeymoon vacation in an exotic location that the two of you will never forget and learn how to ride too.

Horseback riding is a lot of fun. Whether you are looking to learn so you can buy your own horse or just have some fun this kind of experience will last a lifetime. It is exciting, fun and educational for everyone.

Learn How To Ride A Horse From The Comfort Of Your Home With Our "Beginners Guide To Horseback Riding." Be safe and learn the basics first.

Horse Breeding: The Different Types of Horse Breeds

2010-04-26T20:47:00.004+07:00

Horse Breeding

There are as many horse facts as there are breeds of horses and fanciers to raise them. The smallest of horses is called the Fallabella Miniature Horse, and it can be housebroken and kept as an inside pet. Outside of this breed though, a horse is a horse, not an animal like a big dog.

All horses on the Earth today can trace their ancestry to the Arabian horse. These majestic horses used to live with their owners in tents in the desert, and they are still a breed that is hardy and forms close attachments to its people. The Arabian is a hot-blooded horse, though, and when American farmers needed horses to pull plows and not just carts, they needed something bigger.

They learned from what their European cousins had already done, and bred the Arabs with larger horses called cold-bloods or drafters. This not only developed into a bigger horse, facts confirm, but it also calmed the temperament somewhat, since Arabs can be high-strung.

For racing, the best horse, facts state, is the Thoroughbred. This is arguably the fastest horse, unless you're racing a quarter of a mile. The winners in short races like this are usually American Quarter Horses, whose very name comes from the race it was bred to win. Quarter Horses also make great cattle horses, with a cow sense that can tell them what a calf will do, before it does it.

For those who enjoy the beauty of different and unusual colors of horses, there are breeds who carry genes that insure colorful patterns in their young. The American Paint horse and the Pinto Horse both have colorful coat patterns of black, brown, or other colors and white. The Paint horse must have both parents registered as Paints, Quarter Horses or Thoroughbreds. Pinto horses, on the other hand, are any horses with the pinto markings. Their background may be of any breed.

Appaloosas are also colorful. They make have a blanket and spots on their rump, or they may be speckled and spotted all over. There are different patterns of Appaloosas, and they can be very striking. Their patterns include snowflake, blanket, leopard and semi-leopard. In build, both Paints and Appaloosas are built normally like the typical Quarter Horse.

The Morgan Horse, facts say, is another breed that most people agree was founded in this country. He is perfectly suited for hauling carts or small wagons, and he is a hardy breed with sound feet.

The main Draft horses used in the United States are the Clydesdale, the Percheron and the Belgian. Clydesdales are usually bay in color, and are the most well-known draft horse breed, thanks to the Budweiser Clydesdales of St Louis, MO. Percherons can be gray, black or white. They are born black and get lighter as they age. Belgians are usually blond in color, and they are the main work horse for Amish farmers.

The Amish also usually use a special breed for pulling their carts. The Standardbred is generally dark brown, bay or black in color, and they have a choppy trot that it useful for pulling but difficult to ride astride. Amish horses are usually hardy, and you'll rarely see them blanketed, even in the coldest of weather, since they allow them to grow thick winter coats.

Horse Breeding: The Egyptian Arabian Horse

2010-04-26T20:42:00.006+07:00

Horse Breeding

The number five is important in the history of the Egyptian Arabian horse. There were five dominant families within the breed, each strain possessing its own characteristics.

AL KHAMSA

About 1635 B.C., Sheik Salaman owned five famous mares that had shown themselves to be fiercely loyal. Legend has it that Al Khamsa, (the five,) were the only mares in Salaman's herd that returned to their master when the battle trumpet blew, although they had not yet slaked their thirst at a desert oasis. From these five mares descended the five types of Arabian horse. They were called Keheilan, Seglawi, Hamdani, Abeyan and Hadban.

THE LEGACY OF THE PASHAS

The Egyptian Arabian made great strides under the patronage of the ruthless founder of modern Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha. In addition to being a shrewd politician, he was also a passionate collector of Arabian war horses. After crushing a rebel Saudi tribe in the Nejd desert, he demanded Arabia's most valiant desert horses as a condition of peace. He subsequently built palatial stables for what grew to be a collection of 1100 prized Arabian horses.

Abbas Pasha inherited his grandfather's title, and also his Arabian herd. With a romantic side to his character, Abbas Pasha considered the Arabian horses to be living masterpieces. He sought to emulate the breeding practices of the Bedouins, thereby setting a standard for purity. His emissaries were dispatched to search the desert, whatever hardships and danger they might endure, to procure horses with esteemed pedigrees. A methodical man, he compiled information about his horses' backgrounds into a document known as the Abbas Pasha Manuscripts.

When Abbas Pasha was assassinated in 1854, the herd was auctioned off to buyers from France, Germany, Australia and members of the Egyptian nobility. Ali Pasha Sherif, son of the Governor of Arabia, bought forty horses at auction, and repurchased many that had been sold to others. He established his own herd and by 1873, he had a collection of 400 pure Arabian horses. Most of these were destroyed in the late 1870's by an outbreak of African Horse Sickness. Only the horses he had moved to northern Egypt survived.

OLD EGYPTIANS

In 1889, Ali Pasha Sherif sold Messaoud to Lady Anne Blunt, who exported the horse to England, where he became a legendary sire. When Ali Pasha Sherif died in 1897, Lady Blunt purchased many of the best horses from his herd, dividing them between her Sheykh Obeyd Stud near Cairo, and her Crabbet Park Stud in England. Due to Lady Blunt's success with Messaoud, the reputation of the beautiful Egyptian Arabian horses became legend and attracted buyers from around the world.

Henry Babson first came under the spell of the Arabian horse while working at the Chicago World's Fair of 1893. In 1932, he traveled to Egypt and bought seven horses, realizing the dream of owning the beautiful breed. A "Babson Arabian" is a horse with the bloodlines of those original seven. His horses tend to have dark coloration, and one of his Egyptian Arabians became the genetic source for black Arabian horses. Although Babson died in 1970, the breeding operation he established in Grand Detour, Illinois continued until 1999.

Horses descending from this early era are called "Old Egyptians."

NEW EGYPTIANS

Many of the Ali Pasha Sherif horses were sold to wealthy Egyptian nobility. The Egyptian Government recognized the importance of the herds of Abbas Pasha and Ali Pasha Sherif and in 1908, the Royal Agricultural Society (RAS) was formed to preserve Egyptian's equine treasures. After the overthrow of King Farouk in 1952, the Egyptian Arabian stud farms were confiscated by the RAS, now called the Egyptian Agricultural Organization, or EAO.

The EAO later sold some of the confiscated horses to modern buyers. Those horses and their descendants are sometimes referred to as "New Egyptians."

BLUE LIST, AL KHAMSA and ASIL ARABIANS

From 1952 until the 1970's, Jane Lewellyn Ott compiled "The Blue Arabian Horse Catalog," or "Blue List," a catalog of horses who traced directly, in every line, to the desert, either from Bedouin Tribes or through Abbas Pasha and Lady Blunt, who purchased exclusively from these sources. An organization called Al Khamsa continued Miss Ott's work and created their own list.

The group Sheykh Obeyd was formed in 1980, in honor of Lady Blunt's Egyptian stables. They use the Al Khamsa standard for their own list of Sheykh Obeyd "Old Egyptian" Arabians. Straight Egyptian Arabians are created by crossing strains which have an undisputedly pure desert heritage. Not every horse on Al Khamsa's list is considered to be a Straight Egyptian Arabian.

In Europe, horses whose bloodlines are traced to the desert are known as Asil Arabians. 'Asil' is the Arabic word for 'pure.'

THE CRABBET ARABIANS

Lady Wentworth inherited the Crabbet Arabian Stud, but did not inherit Lady Anne Blunt's devotion to the Bedouin ideal of desert purity. Under Lady Wentworth's management, the complexion of the Crabbet Arabians was completed changed. Even so, Crabbet Arabians carry pedigrees with a high percentage of Straight Egyptian Arabian blood.

THE EGYPTIAN EVENT

Every June, lovers of the Egyptian Arabian horse make a pilgrimage to the Kentucky Horse Park in Lexington, Kentucky. There the Pyramid Society, which is devoted to the preservation of the purebred Egyptian Arabian horse, conducts the annual Egyptian Event, where breeders of Straight Egyptian Arabians can attend seminars, compete for cash prizes in performance exhibitions, and behold the cream of the crop from the most prestigious breeding farms.

THE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCE

Straight Egyptian Arabians played a starring role in the founding of the Polish, Spanish and Russian Arabian breeding programs. Modern Arabian breeders are rediscovering the value of infusing their bloodlines with Straight Egyptian Arabian blood. Even other breeds are strengthened with the addition of Arabian prepotency. Endurance, refinement, good temper and beauty are the hallmarks of this ancient breed.

In the American show ring, the most successful horses carry Straight Egyptian blood. Although they comprise less than 2% of American-registered Arabians, Straight Egyptian Arabians hold 30% of all National titles.

ENDURANCE OF THE EGYPTIAN ARABIAN HORSE

Purity of breed was an obsession with Bedouin Arabs. The torch of this exquisite equine obsession was passed on to the Pashas, then the Blunts and on to Henry Babson. To dedicated breeders, diluting the purity of the line is as much a sin as it was for the Bedouins. The preservation of these pureblooded equines is the primary goal of today's modern breeders of the Egyptian Arabian horse.

Horse Breeding: Crossbreds

2008-09-27T00:11:00.005+07:00

Horse Breeding

While most people are familiar with many of the pure breeds of horses, there are many interesting crossbreds. Each breed has its own benefits, and it is not unusual for people to try to get the best of both breeds by crossing them. The following are some common crossbreds and their usual characteristics.

Arabian Crosses

Most Arabian crosses are designed to refine the horse, without adding much height. Arabians are known for being highly sensitive and intelligent horses, who can be a bit flighty or silly at times. Most of the breeds they are crossed to tend to be solid citizens who could use a bit more pep. Many Arab crosses make excellent all-round horses who do well for children and for pleasure. Some make excellent dressage horses or hunters, combining the beautiful Arab movement with the solid personality of their crosses.

Some of the most common Arabian crosses include the Morab (Morgan x Arabian), the Quarab (Quarter Horse x Arabian) and the Arapaloosa (Appaloosa x Arabian). Another common Arabian cross is the Anglo Arabian (Thoroughbred x Arabian). Anglo Arabians are unlike the other crosses in that they are highly sensitive, have good height, and are excellent athletes. The cross has been so well established in France, that it became the foundation of their Selle Francais breed. Arabians also cross very well with some pony breeds such as Welsh Ponies.

Thoroughbred Crosses

Thoroughbreds are the most common horses to see crossbred into other breeds. Adding size and refinement, the Thoroughbred is an amazing athlete who generally produces crossbreds with excellent performance potential.

One of the most popular Thoroughbred crosses is the Appendix Quarter horse. Not only are half-breds accepted as Appendix Quarter Horses, a high percentages of Thoroughbred blood is permitted in the registry.

Smaller thoroughbreds are also crossed onto many pony breeds to produce pony-sized offspring with horse-type bodies. This type is highly popular in the hunter ring. Many successful ponies that near the highly desirable 14.2hh size are in fact part Thoroughbred.

Many breeders like to cross Thoroughbreds to draft horses. These crosses are lighter weight than drafts, and are well suited to riding. Many draft crosses become field hunters, but some of the more refined crosses become good performance horses.

Appaloosa Crosses

Appaloosas are hardy horses who are renowned for their unusual coloring. Some breeders like to cross other types of horses to Appaloosas to attempt to get the Appaloosa coloring on a horse while retaining the type of the breed they are crossing to. Arapaloosas are the Arabian x Appaloosa cross mentioned earlier, but other popular crosses include Pintos (Pintaloosa) and Tennessee Walkers (Walkaloosa).
A cross between a Shetland pony and an Appaloosa mare produced the colourful Pony of the Americas, now an established breed.

Gaited Horses

Some people enjoy crossing the highly popular gaited breeds, such as Tennessee Walkers, to other breeds. They try to retain the gait, but gain the size, substance or coloring of the other breed. Some gaited crosses include the National Show Horse (Arabian x Saddlebred) and the Tennuvian (Tennessee Walker x Peruvian Paso).

Other Crossbreds

No matter where you look, you will see other types of crossbred horses. Some are popular enough that breed registries have been formed for them. Others are still rare. While many breeders consider crossbreds to be no different than grade horses, others will defend their crossbred "breed", claiming that it has as much validity as other breeds. Either way, you can find a cross of almost anything if you look hard enough.

Author: Lydia K Kelly

Horse Breeding: The Oldest Horse Breed That Originated In The Age Of Roman Empire

2008-09-27T00:09:00.004+07:00

Horse Breeding

The Fell Pony gets its name, FELL, from the Norse word meaning "hill." During the four centuries of Roman occupation on the border between England and Scotland, extra troops -- French, Dutch, German, Polish, Spanish and eastern European cavalrymen -- were brought in to protect Hadrian's Wall which separated the countries and to maintain law and order. Since bones of foreign horses have been found in Northern Britain, its thought that the Fell pony may be a mixture of these horses and local ponies. A cross between foreign horses and the Celtic pony might have produced an animal closer to horse size, but larger animals couldn't have survived in the northern fells without extra food. It's believed that the breed stabilized through natural selection as a pony.

After the Romans withdrew there weren't many roads until the 18th century. Fell ponies were used to transport goods throughout the country. As canals, roadways and train lines were developed in the 18th and 19th centuries, other forms of transport developed and Fell ponies were used for light farm work, carrying mail, sports events, shepherding and or carrying goods to market by cart.

Size and Showing Characteristics

The ponies average 13.1 to 13.2 hands high; the maximum height allowed for a Fell pony is 14 hands. Fells come in black, brown, bay and gray. A star and/or white on or below the hind fetlock is acceptable for showing today. Fell ponies are well groomed for shows, yet untrimmed to emphasize their natural looks.

Most Fells mature late, sometimes not until they're seven years old. In their native country Fell ponies are left to run free until two or three. They're brought in for basic training and turned out again for another year. They're started under saddle around five years old. Today Fell ponies are still used for logging, farming, and shepherding. They have been quite successful in competitive endurance at the Olympic level, LeTrec, jumping and dressage and also excel at competitive and pleasure driving, and therapeutic riding.

Preserving the Fell Breed

Sue Millard of England, talked about the importance of unseen traits of a native pony at a rear equine breed event at the Kentucky Horse Park. "A good example of a native pony should tell us, just by looking at it, what kind of life its ancestors led," Millard said. "A well built body is the first requirement. Good teeth for grazing and a well designed coat that sheds rain. Hoofs that take the wear of rough terrain. You can see all these. But natives ponies have other qualities: an even sensible temperament, hardiness, vigor, self reliance and brains. These qualities are vital to the breed but they are not visible. They're the inner pony, the bits that you only get to know by doing the job and living the life. These invisible characteristics can't be retained without giving the pony a job to do and if possible, allowing it to live and reproduce as its ancestors did and still do."

For more information on the Fell pony, contact the Fell Pony Society and Conservancy of the Americas, 125 Edwards Farm Lane, Dobson, NC 27017. An FPS overseas branch is committed to conserving and promoting the Fell pony as the hill breeders of northern England have done for many centuries.

Author: Phil Wiskell

Horse Breeding: Paint Horse Breed

2008-09-27T00:06:00.005+07:00

Horse Breeding

The American paint horse is a stock-type horse that is intelligent and is built for agility and speed and has a "willing" attitude. He is ideal for many different riding needs such as ranch work, showing, pleasure riding, rodeo events and they are wonderful horses for children and beginning riders.

In order for a horse to be registered as a paint he must fit in to three catagories. Tobiano, Overo or Tovero paints.

The Tobiano pattern has an oval or round white spot that extends down the neck and chest. Often in this pattern, the white crosses the horse's back between the tail and withers and the head can either be solid or have a blaze, strip or star. Their legs are usually white below the knees and sometimes the tail will be two colors.

The Overo paint horse can be mostly white or dark. They often have loud white markings on the head such as a "bald face". An overo's markings are usually scattered and irregular and the legs are the same. They can have one or all four legs dark or white, but their tail is usually one color.

The markings of a paint can be so varied that the American Paint Horse Association has made a third category to classify characteristics of both Tobiano and Overo. They call this classification, Tovero.

The American Indian, who coveted the loud and bold patterns came to love the American paint horse and began to pick them out of herds because of their color and performance. The Comanche Indians, who are thought to have been the finest horseman used the paint horse as much as they could as depicted in their early drawings of spotted horses found on buffalo hides. For the Indian, the paint had special magic that would help them defeat their enemies.

The Paint horse has had a variety of names thru the 1800's and later. Paint, Pinto, piebald and skewbald were a few names some used to describe this flashy horse. When an association was first discussed people wanted to keep the stock type build in the breeding of the paint horse. In fact, the only difference in a paint horse and a stock-type horse is the coloring.

There are strict standards by the APHA for confirmation, performance and athletic ability for the registered paint. Also, original traits such as intelligence, a willing disposition and calm temperament are kept in mind in the breeding of these horses.

There is an overabundance of Paint Horse breeders in present day. There are as many colors and patterns as there are horses. No two paints have exactly the same markings and confirmation which makes each and every paint unique and special.

If you have any questions on Horse supplies or Posh Pampered Pets, please call 979-221-7251 or email us at info@poshpamperedpets.com. Our home office is located in Waller, Texas, with warehouses located throughout the United States such as Detroit Michigan (MI), Indianapolis Indiana (IN), Jacksonville Florida (FL), San Francisco California (CA), , Kansas City MO, Miami, Florida (FL), Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina (NC), Washington DC, Los Angeles, California (CA), Fayetteville, Arkansas ( AR), San Francisco California (CA), Columbus Ohio (OH).

Author: Janine Carter

Horse Breeding:When Can I Breed Her?

2008-09-27T00:04:00.005+07:00

Horse Breeding

So, you have a filly, and want to breed her some day. Or maybe you have an older maiden mare, and want to know if it is okay to give breeding a try. There is lots to consider when deciding when a mare is ready to be bred.

Horses are sexually mature in their yearling year, although it is not unheard of for a filly to cycle before she is a full year old. Generally though, they are about a year and a half old the first time they come in season.

It is fully possible for a yearling to get in foal. If you have your fillies out with colts, it is essential to separate them by a year old. Colts can in fact become fertile as early as eight months old, so a pregnancy can happen far earlier than many owners imagine.

While it is possible to breed a yearling, most agree that it isn't a good idea. Generally a yearling is the equivalent of a 12-14 year old girl. She is reaching sexual maturity, but has no actual maturity of her own. She is far too young to be pregnant and expecting a baby.

A two-year-old is a bit better, but still very young. Two-year-olds are only the equivalent of a 14-16 year old girl, still awfully young to be pregnant. By the time the filly foals, she will be the equivalent of 17. As you probably know from human pregnancies, teenaged mothers are much higher risk than mothers in their 20s. Likewise, there are more risks for a two-year-old filly when in foal, than there would be if she were bred a bit later in life.

By three, a filly is more mature and potentially ready to be bred. While many still feel that it is too early, she is the equivalent of a 16-18 year old, and will have the foal when she is the equivalent of 19. This is still young, but it is out of the danger zone, and she will be mature enough to have a better chance of being a good mother.

The ideal breeding age range for horses is 4-15 years of age. Many mares remain fertile into their 20s. This is because horses do not go through menopause the way that humans do. In fact, there are stories of mares well into their late 20s who were accidentally bred, and had a healthy foal the following year. While this is far from ideal, it is certainly possible.

If a mare has been bred before, it is usually not a problem to breed her later in life. However, a maiden mare is less likely to get in foal as she ages, and many not retain her pregnancy as well as a horse who has foaled before. After a mare reaches 15 years of age, her fertility is at risk. Many breeders will not breed a maiden mare who is over 15.

With good veterinary supervision, there is no good reason not to breed a maiden mare as old as 18. As long as the mare owner is aware of the reduced fertility, and understands that she may not catch at all, usually there is little real risk. Some stallion owners offer special deals to owners of senior mares, not charging the full stud fee until the mare is confirmed in foal, or even until the foal arrives.

If a mare has been bred regularly, she can safely continue to have foals until her mid 20s. As long as the owner carefully maintains her, and understands the increased risks involved in foaling a senior mare, it can be a good choice for the proven broodmare.

No matter the age of the mare, it is essential to carefully monitor your horse's pregnancy and maintain her in good condition. It takes a healthy mare to have a healthy foal.

Author: Lydia K Kelly

Horse Breeding: Horse Breeding Overview

2008-09-27T00:01:00.004+07:00

Horse Breeding

Nature itself has always had an impact and influence on breeding over the years. In the wild only the strong survived, horses roamed free and were unprotected by man. The stallion (male leader) fought other stallions to protect and maintain his herd. Any weakness threatened his entire lifestyle.

Today man has a major role in breeding, no longer is the need for strength and survival so important. Rather we are able to do selective breeding for traits such as color, breed, conformation and athletic ability.

When horses were first domesticated we either needed them for transportation or as work animals to help on farms. All work was demanding of the horse and man saw what he needed from horses.

Certainly no thoroughbred should endure pulling a tank in the snow for weeks on end.
A heavy set horse is far better suited for that job. And so began the mixing and mingling of bloodlines and breeds.

As we have progressed in life with conquering new lands so we have taken our trusted steed along for the ride. Horses that travelled to distant lands were bred with the native horse of that land. A new breed evolved and man bred to refine the qualities and characteristics.

Horse breeding is natural, but not all horses are meant to be bred. In order for two to make three we need a stallion (male) and a mare (female) which mate. A mare can only be bred with when she is in season. If the covering (mating) is successful she will give birth to a foal (baby) ten months later.

If you are interested in breeding for what ever personal reason, the best place to begin is with a sound, healthy horse. Generally the stallion owner offers his horses services during the breeding season for a fee. If you want to make money breeding then you certainly need to own a stallion that has good bloodlines, good conformation and temperament.

Those three aspects are essential ingredients for breeding. A mare has a little more elbow room in her requirements. This is only because she is going to produce a single foal per year, whereas a stallion is bred to around 40 mares per season with live cover and a lot more when using artificial insemination.

The resulting foal is definitely a combination of mare and stallion qualities, the stallion does not have more influence in the gene pool. You do not need a top competing mare in order for you to breed for a foal. Any horse owner with a mare can choose to breed.

With that said I do not mean that any horse owner should choose to breed. If you are interested in breeding become educated in horse breeding first. Talk to people who have bred, visit stud farms and learn about the industry.
Horse breeding is a fascinating and wonderful career. If you cannot afford the stud fee for the top horses you could investigate working on the stud farm. There are a number of studs that offer benefits and incentives to staff which can include a free service to a mare.

When deciding to breed your horse, know what kind of horse you would like from the match. Know the rules of the horse breed, some horses will not be accepted into the breed registry without specific traits like color. Always look for a stallion that compliments or improves on the qualities of your mare.

Author: Benjamin Wise

Horse Breeding: What is the Cost of Horse Breeding?

2008-09-26T23:57:00.004+07:00

Horse Breeding

I do not know what inspired me, but as a young teenager I was quite determined to have a foal. I had a mare and all I had to do was find a stallion and my wish would come true. The sad fact is that no one around me knew any better. Horse breeding costs, in time, in money, in care, there is always a cost involved.

I found two farms in our area that had stallions and both were willing to attempt a cover for free. It would cost me nothing or so I thought. I took my mare to stay with a stallion in his pasture for a couple of weeks hoping that nature would take care of itself. My mare never became pregnant and lost a riding horse for that time.

Young as I was, I just took things in stride, but now that I know better I am quite frustrated with the facts. Had I have known anything about breeding horses I would of at least spent money to have a veterinarian come and inspect my mare. That way we would have known when she was in season.

If you want to breed you really need to spend money. Your mare needs to be in season that means that her reproductive cycle is at the stage where she is most likely to conceive. You can, if you know what the signs are, watch and chart your mare's cycle to know when to take her to the stallion.

On the other hand if you do not have the knowledge you should have your veterinarian palpate your mare. He will examine her and tell you exactly the day, sometimes the time (morning or afternoon) that she is most receptive. It is money well spent.

The stallion fee is usually the largest sum of money you will part with for breeding. Stallion fees are based upon several factors such as breed, performance and bloodlines.
Bloodlines contain genetic history, who the father (sire) and dam (mother) were and their parents, much like our own family tree. A bloodline is preferred when on both the sire and dam's side there are horses that have performed and excelled in a discipline.

Stallion fees are usually paid upfront; it is to your advantage to select a stud that offers live foal guarantees. That way if your mare aborts or if the first cover is not successful, you can take your mare back for another cover at no extra cost.

A good horse breeder will have the veterinarian do several visits to the mare to ensure her health and that of the foal. The cost in my opinion is worth it, for example when a veterinarian detects twins during an examination he will be able to remedy the situation which will better your chances of having a live foal.

When cost is not a concern you could choose to stable your mare at the stud and have the trained staff take on the responsibility. They will keep a record of your mare charting her cycle, veterinarian visits, coverings and care. Once your mare is in foal you would arrange to collect her and take her home.

Basic costs of horse breeding include the stallion fee and veterinarian exams for the mare. Other costs to consider are transportation, boarding and veterinarian visits during the pregnancy and after. Once the foal is born you have the cost of his care as well as your mare.

Horse Breeding: How To Find The Right Horse Breed for You

2008-07-01T05:36:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

Horses have been one of the most popular domesticated animals for hundreds of years. In the past, before the automobile and the airplane, horses were on of the most commonly used ways of transportation. However today we see horses primarily used for hobby riding and racing while one very few use them as actual transportation.

Horses were not just owned by a geographically small group of people but by people from all over the world. Horses have not been used for the same kind of labor all around the world and that, together with the different climates, resulted into many different types of breeds. There is however only three main categories in which all horses can be grouped: Pony, Light and Heavy classes. If you don’t know anything at all about horse breeds then this will be a good place to start.

Besides these three main categories you will find that horses can be grouped into a much larger amount of sub categories. To name a few examples you will find sub groups such as Warmbloods, Gaited horses and Draft horses. But in order not to confuse you if you are new at this will stick to just the three main categories I mentioned earlier.

When I now go into the three different types of horses I hope to give you a better idea of what kind of horse will suit your situation and you will know what type will be good for children to ride, what will be an all family horse for riding, what you need if you want a racing horse and last but not least what type of horse will assist you the best if you need a working horse.

The Pony Category

A pony is a very popular horse and one of the best know and also one of the smallest is the Shetland pony. Because of its minimal size this is a great horse for children. Shetland ponies are normally peaceful and calm animals and because of that they are great with children. Unfortunately it can become feisty occasionally and it is recommended that children are always supervised by adults.

If you have teenagers or fast growing younger children you might want to go for the Connemara pony instead. The pony is a bit larger than the Shetland and this together with the Welsh pony (somewhat larger than the Shetland pony) will be perfect for young children.

The Light Horse Category

If you don’t know that much about horses you might make the mistake of believing that a miniature horse and a pony is the same thing but they’re not. The Miniature horse doesn’t share the same characteristics as the pony but I won’t go into all the specific details here. You will often find miniature horses around children and disabled humans.

The most commonly known horse is an Arabian and it actually falls into the category of light horses. The characteristics of the Arabian horse are that it is sweet, graceful and very loving but it is also extremely fast and very attractive. There really isn’t anything negative to say about the Arabian because what more could you want from a horse? Because of its speed and endurance it is often used for racing.

The Heavy Category

In the heavy category there are only two types of horses. One is called the battle horse and the other is called a draft horse. Battle horses were normally used in warlike situations and were trained to be a part of battle.

The draft horse on the other hand was trained to work on farms pulling wagons and carts. You can call them the typical work horse.

You might have heard about the Clydesdale horse and it is probably one of the most popular draft horses there is. Not only will you find it very attractive but it has also been bread to work hard, while maintaining its friendly nature and therefore it’s also a good horse for riding.

Other popular draft horses are the Belgian, the Shire and the Suffolk Punch horses.

To mention one of the horses used for war the Lipizzaner is probably the one that were used most often. But the horse breeds that I have mentioned above is just a very few of the many different types and breeds there are.

I hope to have given you some inspiration as to what category horse you are looking for but I would also encourage you to meet with any horse you are thinking of purchasing. Interaction will the horse is what really counts and you and your family needs to visit the potential new horse before you can make a good decision.

If you want to know more about horses and horse breeds you can come visit us at HorseTrailerUniverse.com where you will find everything from different types of horse breeds to information about buying a used horse trailer. You will also find information about horse nutrition and health.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Hank_Westwood

Horse Breeding: Knowing Different Horse Breeds

2008-07-01T05:35:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

There are well over a hundred different horse breeds in the world, and it may be impossible to get to know every single of them. But, if you are a true horse-lover, you may already know a vast number of them and are still keen to know more.

Humans and Horses

To understand horse breeds, it is important to first understand how the relationship between humans and horses began. Believe it or not, horses first became valuable to humans because they produced milk and could be eaten. Later on, however, humans realised that horses were strong and fast and began to use them to carry or draw loads and as a mode of transportation.

Nowadays, specific horses are bred for specific purposes. They are no longer just used to do labors. Rather, they are more often kept for sports or leisure riding.

Horse Breeding

In order for the new-born horses to carry certain traits, breeders usually need to select specific male and female horses with the desired characteristics to mate. With the success of purposeful breeding, more horses are now bred in planned ways to meet specific needs. A widely known example is the racing horses. In fact, there are different registries around the world that document the various horse breeds.

To know about the different horse breeds is probably a hard mission for an average person, but a true horse-lover can usually tell a lot of the breeds. This is especially true for someone who is fond of horse racing or simply would like to get himself a horse. Often, knowing the breed of your horse would tell you what the horse is capable of doing and whether its price is truly justified.

Classification of Horses

Although there are many horse breeds, horses are generally placed under three main groups - pony, light, and heavy horses.

Most of us would probably already be familiar with ponies. These are definitely the smallest of horses. Some would even not consider them horses at all. Even so, ponies can be as hardy as other horses. Some breeds can carry adult riders and pull heavy loads. Because of their size and mild nature, ponies are often kept as pets by children. Examples of pony breeds are the Shetland and Welsh ponies.

Light horses are also strong like ponies but they are definitely taller, faster and have a sleeker look. Most light horses are used for riding and racing. In some cases, breeds of this kind also help with cattle rounding and carriage pulling. Examples of light horse breeds are Arabian, Thoroughbred, Appaloosa, Quarter Horse, Morgan and Standardbred.

Some horses belong to the heavy group. In the past, these horses were used for war. They were also used for carrying and pulling heavy loads. Heavy horses are therefore ideal for farm work. They are large but have well-formed, powerful muscles, shoulders and legs. Heavy horse breeds include Shire, Clydesdale, Percheron and Lipizzaner.

With the many different horse breeds, there is definitely a horse for every horse lover. Do remember though that horse breeds that belong to the same group may also have different traits of their own.

We have just discussed the basics of different horse breeds. If you are interested, you can explore more from our online guide about horse breeding. You may also like to check out our complete online horse guide for just any horse-related topics.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Terry_Powell

Horse Breeding: Breeding With Your Mare

2008-07-01T05:34:00.007+07:00

Horse Breeding

Horse Breeding is not as simple as it used to be, leaving it up to nature. For centuries man has chosen to breed selectively and in order to do so, he has developed several techniques to improve and ensure the success.

Breeding with your mare can be a simple endeavor or a technical one; it depends on your individual role. A horse breeder has countless duties and I will only condense a few in order to help explain the covering process to you.

As an owner of a mare your responsibilities and duties do not have to be very involved and complicated. Stud farms are built and developed specifically for breeding purposes. Once you have chosen a stallion you arrange with the stud farm what the specifics are.

You can either stable your mare at the farm where the stallion resides; you can transport your mare to the stallion on the day of cover and take her home the same day; or if artificial insemination is your choice your mare can stay where she is and the semen is shipped to you.

Live cover is when the stallion mounts the mare and covers the mare. The staff will prepare the mare by washing her vulva (private parts), bandage her tail and possibly give her a tranquilizer. Once she is ready to be covered they may hobble her, a restraint used to prevent the stallion from being kicked.

The stallion is lead by a skilled handler to the mare and covering takes place. The mare will be returned to a field or stable after covering, some studs may inject her with a hormone that will have her ovulate soon after covering. The stallion will cover the mare once.

If the mare is staying at the stud she will be teased in the following days to observe that she is in dioestrus - no longer in season. Depending on the studs routine and way of doing things, the mare may be covered by the stallion again during her season.

A veterinarian will palpate and scan the mare in about 15 days from her covering. If the mare is not staying at the stud farm it is important that you schedule this appointment with your veterinarian to see whether she took and is in foal. If she is not in foal she will need to be covered again in her next cycle.

With artificial insemination the stallion will mount a mare or a phantom mare and ejaculate into a tube. The semen is then stored at the correct temperature and can be inserted into the mare at the most optimal time of her reproductive cycle. The mare can stay at the stud or never set foot on the stud and come into contact with a stallion.

When you select to have a foal via artificial insemination it is very important to ask the breeder some questions as to the fertility of the stallion's semen. Some sperm just simply do not travel well, you do not want to pay for the semen and receive a shipment that has no live sperm to inseminate.

Once your mare is in foal, there is still a long road ahead; she carries the foal for 12 months. She will have veterinarian exams to check that the foal is growing up until 90 days; thereafter it is a waiting game.

Horse Guide.

Get information on buying, owning and caring for your horse, learn about breeding with your mare. Learn about Horse riding safety.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Benjamin_Wise

Horse Breeding: Becoming a Equine Breeding Manager

2008-07-01T05:34:00.005+07:00

Horse Breeding

For many horse loving individuals that grew up around horses and trained horses seem to find that breeding is only a natural progression for them. What many people do not realize, however, is that becoming a breeder or breeding manager takes a lot of man-hours, a lot of capital and a lot of dedication.

Most businesses will inevitably be in the red their first few years in business. In fact, the IRS has a rule that as long as you make a profit for 2 out of 5 years you are doing well. They have made a special rule for horse breeders. If you are able to make a profit 2 out of 7 years you are doing pretty well. Horse breeding involves a significant amount of money to invest as well as time. This career should not be pursued lightly, but with a lot of thought out planning.

A breeding operation can be as simple as a single stallion farm with a few mares. Some breeders do this in addition to their hobby farm horse training business. Those who are completely committed to breeding, do not have a lot of time for anything else. This job is not for an amateur. You must have horse knowledge, excellent handling skills to handle excited stallions and grumpy mares as well as be knowledgeable about the actual breeding practices, lab work, sales, marketing and business management – accounting most of all.

A degree in equine reproduction, equine science or agribusiness is extremely helpful. You may also consider taking courses in AI and semen collection, because more and more breeders are moving in this direction. Mare owners want to be able to breed their mares to the best stallions without having to haul there. In fact, many breeding barns wait day and night for the phone call to collect the stallion and get the semen on the next flight to wherever the ovulating mare is. Some farms do all artificial insemination because it is so risky to do live cover with multi-thousand dollar horses.

The average breeding manager is on call 70 to 90 hours per week. They may have 120 mares that need to be palpated, inseminated, palpated some more and so on until they begin to show signs of parturition. Then begins the long hours of foal watch day in and day out until the foals hit the ground.

Aside from all the stress, however, you do get to be a part of the creation of some of the most beautiful creatures on earth. This is often enough reward for breeding managers.

To contribute your expertise on equine breeding or other equine related topics, please stop by and visit our wonderful equine community at http://www.horsechitchat.com/equineforums

Where we always leave the barn door open on purpose for new friends.

Ron Petracek is the current article director for a rapidly growing equine social network community.He was raised in southern Idaho with a beautiful jet black morgan as his adventure companion, and the snake river within a easy ride. horses and the outdoors are a solid part of his life. For more great information and FREE equine classifieds! Everything from horses to trailers & tack please visit. http://www.EquineMiniMart.com

If you would like to help others learn more about horses than stop by our beautiful and friendly equine forum http://www.horsechitchat.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ron_Petracek

Horse Breeding: Horses - Breeds, A To Z

2008-07-01T05:32:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

A horse is a horse of course of course. Right? Well, not exactly. There are more breeds of horses than Carter has liver pills. We're just going to touch on a few examples here, otherwise we're going to need a book about 2000 pages long.

For example, and we'll just start with the letter A, there is the Australian Stock Horse. This is one of those horses that arose from selective breeding due to the demands of the environment. The history of this breed actually began in 1788. When the first breed of horses was brought to Eastern Australia by the First Fleet. These horses were of mixed English Thoroughbred and Spanish stock and they were hardy enough horses that they were a perfect choice for the cavalry.

Moving along to the letter B, we have the Basotho Pony. This horse is found only in Lesotho, which is in South Africa. The horse is used almost exclusively for riding. The breed itself was developed sometime after 1825 from the Cape Horse. By the start of the 20th century this breed almost completely disappeared due to exporting of the horses and cross breeding with Arab and Thoroughbred horses. Fortunately, during the later part of the 20th century, a society was formed to revive the breed.

One of the most famous breed of horses starting with the letter C is the Clydesdale. This horse was developed in a district of Scotland. It is a heavy draft horse breed. The breed itself was developed by farmers in Lanarkshire, which is the old name for Clydesdale. This horse was mainly bred to meet the agricultural needs of farmers. The Clydesdale is a real work horse. Make no mistake about that.

The letter D gives us the Dartmoor Pony. This horse is one of nine breeds that are specific to the British Isles. This particular breed comes from a barren moorland called Dartmoor, which is located in Devon, England. These are very old horses which go all the way back to the reign of King Henry I. Today, Dartmoor Ponies are found all over Great Britain as well as countries like France, Sweden and Germany.

Moving along to the letter E, we have the Eriskay Pony. This particular pony is the only surviving variety of the Hebridean pony. It is found on the Hebrides Islands off the coast of Scotland. Today this particular breed of pony is almost extinct. Recent DNA testing of these animals show that they are of very ancient origin. These horses are mostly used for transportation and common chores such as pulling carts and even taking children to school.

And in case you are wondering, yes there are breeds of horses that begin with the letter Z. One of them is the Zaniskari Pony, which is found in Northern India. This particular breed is what is called a riding and pack breed.

Yes, there are more breeds of horse than you can possibly imagine. If you're interested in doing more research on these animals you can do so by going to http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/horses/Horses-w.htm. You'll have enough to read to keep you busy for many years to come.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Horse Breeding: Horse Racing Injuries and Horse Slaughter - Prevention Through Breeding Control

2008-07-01T05:31:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

I have been aware of horse slaughter since I was a kid. It was a well known fact Thoroughbred ex-race horses that came through the barn had one shot to make it in the hunter/jumper ring (as riding horses). If a horse didn't stay at the barn, we knew the horse would end up back at dealers, and dealer returns meant the horse was going to slaughter.

As a child, horse slaughter was simply a fact. Now, it's almost a necessity. I don't agree with slaughtering horses, nor do I want any horse to end up at a slaughterhouse, but our society produces far too many unwanted horses.

I receive emails on a weekly basis from several different horse industry and horse welfare news streams. Every time I read one of these legislative "updates", I wonder: When is horse slaughter legislation going to start with the cause of unwanted horses?

Though anti horse slaughter groups have successfully shut down horse slaughterhouses in America, horse breeding has only increased. If horses at auction don't wind up at slaughter, where are all the "unwanted" horses going to go? As with the millions of unwanted dogs and cats who are euthanased every year, it would be nice if we could say unwanted horses are "humanely destroyed." But, horses are just not that easy to put down. Besides being big, difficult to transport, to house, and to feed, horses cost several hundred dollars to put down. For "humane" treatment, horses need not only feed, water, and vaccinations, but also farrier care and often special nutritional, veterinary, and stabling.

When is horse slaughter legislation going to start with the cause of unwanted horses?

Horses end up at auction if they can't be sold privately, can't be cared for, or are (simply) unwanted. If a horse owner sends an "unwanted" horse to auction and the horse doesn't sell, what happens to the horse? If the previous owner can't or won't care for the horse, who will?

It's the same with the overpopulation of dogs and cats. It's better to have a humane society take an unwanted pet and euthanize it than have a pet return to a home where it isn't wanted or cannot be cared for. But again, horses are extremely difficult and expensive to care for. Some say re-homing unwanted horses is not a big deal since the total number of American horses slaughtered per year "only" equals about 1% of the total American horse population. Based on current horse populations (about 9 million in the US), 90,000 "homeless" horses is still a lot of horses. With hay prices up, gas prices up, and affordable land becoming more scarce, most horse people in any part of the country will tell you; "you can't even give 'em away these days."

Some anti-slaughter activists like to claim horse "kill buyers" are outbidding nice families in search of a pet. Really? If a "nice family" is only willing to spend $100, maybe a $150 on a horse, will they be willing to spent another $150 on vaccines once the vet comes out? What about hoof care every six weeks? Hay, grain, shavings? Proper fencing? Does the nice family have money set aside for emergency transport and thousands of dollars worth of colic surgery? Kill buyers, yes, may be out bidding families (occasionally), but this does not mean the family has means to care for the long term health of the horse.

To minimize horse slaughter and unwanted horses, we need a better plan.

Currently, there are no horse slaughterhouses operating in the United States. Despite anti-slaughter group efforts, American horse slaughterhouses have been successfully shut down, but now horses are just sent over the border to Mexico and Canada where the treatment and killing of animals is even less humane than under American standards.

In many ways, the U.S. slaughter ban has already hurt horse welfare.

For reference, American slaughterhouses used retractable pneumatic bolts to render horses unconscious (in theory) before slitting their throats. However, in Mexico, it's common practice to stab horses in the back repeatedly until their spinal cord is severed.

In many ways, the U.S. horse slaughter ban has already hurt horse welfare. Now, anti-slaughter groups are attempting to ban horses exported for slaughter altogether. Despite the fact this new law could be easily circumvented by horse "kill dealers" simply labeling horses transported across the border as "for riding" instead of "for slaughter", we need to first think about minimizing the unwanted horse population before tackling the issue of horse slaughter.

Lets look at some facts:

- According to the USDA, 45,000 horses went to slaughter in Mexico in 2007, and another 26,000 went to Canada (total, 71,000+).

- According to the Jockey Club, 56,000 Thoroughbred mares were bred in 2007.

- According to the Thoroughbred Times, Thoroughbred race horses averaged 25 starts per life in 1950; by 1994, the average Thoroughbred ran just 14 races.

What does this mean? More Thoroughbreds running less races equals more waste. Due to over breeding of the Thoroughbred, not only does the Thoroughbred Times conclude Thoroughbred races horses are less sound than 60 years ago , but also, they are less used.

Moreover, why have we not had a Triple Crown winner in Thoroughbred horse racing since Affirmed in 1978? Could it be that the only requirements for breeding a Thoroughbred horse are a papered mare and money for a stud fee?

I imagine, even in 1978, horse breeding and racing wasn't an incredibly easy or cheap "hobby". Then, not every backyard horse owner could afford a.) a papered Thoroughbred mare, or b.) a 500 mile haul to the stallion. Today, cheap, seedy racetracks are numerous and vastly outnumber the celebrity packed racing events profiled on T.V. It is perceived as "easy" now for anyone to think they can breed the next Kentucky Derby winner. For $250, someone can pick up a lame and unproven (and possibly even unraced) Thoroughbred mare and breed her to an equally lame or unproven Thoroughbred stallion for as little as $300. Boom! For less than a beater car, you too can own the next derby champ!

Wrong.

Of course, many Thoroughbreds going for meat are actually well bred, expensive horses. Some may have stud fees of $500,000 or more. By and large, racehorses don't retire to green pasture if they don't win. They mostly go to auction. Even when trainers try their best to find a new owner and a new job for the horse, Thoroughbreds off-the-track are not just for anyone. Most of them need experienced handlers and trainers.

With the 2008 Kentucky Derby ready to hit the starting gate on May 3rd, what is the average American going to see of the racing industry? Horses worth millions of dollars? Shiny, lucky horses cared for better than most people?

I wish happenings at an average American Thoroughbred Racetrack were televised. Horses running at tracks not called Churchill Downs, Belmont Park, or Pimlico don't have the luxury of being considered anything but expendable or replaceable. And besides, with reality TV all the rage, is there anything more cut throat [pun intended] than watching broke down horses running in races that are paying out $500 with the losers highly unlike to get another chance?

The large majority of horses who will not see the glamorous camera lenses pointed at them (beside closed circuit monitoring) are only bred to be good for a year or two. These "modern" Thoroughbreds, the ones at your average, dirty, shady, tracks, aren't bred to run the Kentucky Derby; they are bred to MAYBE, MAYBE win their owners and investors a couple thousand dollars. The main purpose of the average Thoroughbred is to honor the owner with the distinction of owning a racehorse. Thoroughbreds, by their nature, are bred to be hot, a trait which does not to serve them well outside of running. They are no longer bred with long lines, or big strides even. They are bred to run and move flat, fast, and that's it. Outside of the few races they MIGHT run, Thoroughbred racehorses serve limited purpose.

Interestingly enough, even Kentucky Derby winners aren't safe from slaughter. With the 2002 slaying of 1986 Kentucky Derby winner Ferdinand at a Japanese slaughterhouse, the horse racing industry has proven time and time again it does not even value it's most prize assets.

Thusly, even well bred but only "medium" caliber racehorses, such as those bought and sold at the Keeneland Auction for an average of $100K, may not ever win, even at a small racetrack. With the hopes of "cleaning up" at the ghetto tracks, these "Kentucky" bred horses still are without value unless the winnings come in early and frequently.

The main purpose today's "modern" Thoroughbred is to honor the owner with the distinction of owning a racehorse.

Luckily, there is a good chance a Kentucky bred Thoroughbred horse could posses some very nice athletic attributes that could result in a nice hunter/jumper, dressage, or eventing home. Still, the original breeders, owners, and trainers of racehorses are generally unconcerned with where the horses end up. The racing industry wipes their hands clean of losers without regard for the welfare of the horses. Slaughter, new career, loving home - who cares! Whatever gets them off the training and boarding bill, its fine by the racehorse owner.

As an American horse community, we need to start looking at a way to fund "unwanted" horses that are considered "garbage" with either euthanasia, or when applicable, retraining programs. Or more importantly, let's limit racehorse breeding to owners and trainers who only commit their funds to providing for a horse throughout the duration of its life, regardless of its winnings. If the racing community had to fork over money for the lifetime care of its horses, the unwanted horse population would dry up.

The horse industry needs a plan, a good plan, to help lower unwanted horse numbers. Stopping horse slaughter is only going to be beneficial once we stop having too many horses. In order to stop horse slaughter, the Humane Society of the United States should do one of two things:

1.) Provide the shelters and means necessary to retrain or humanely euthanize unwanted, unadaptable horses
2.) Take giant steps forward to limit the breeding of all horses, not just racing Thoroughbreds

In addition, the HSUS should go after the racing community for some money to start covering the humane destruction or lifetime care of the horses it produces. Now that the Kentucky Derby is underway, why don't some of these trainers, owners, breeders, and jockeys making BIG money in horse racing industry give some money back, to the horses themselves?

If the racing community had to fork over money for the lifetime care of its horses, the unwanted horse population would dry up.

Let's stop breeding low quality Thoroughbreds, shut down the seedy racetracks, and start a rehab and retraining humane society that can help with these unwanted horses either through re-homing (realistically), or humane euthanasia.

And frankly, lets stop breeding low quality horses of any kind. The Thoroughbred racing industry is not solely to blame for horse slaughter or unwanted horses altogether. However, Thoroughbred horse racing is the highest grossing and highest profile entity of the horse world. For naysayers of horse slaughter, Thoroughbred racing is an easy target because of its money, power, and fan base, but there is no better time than to call out an institution on it's dirty little secrets than when shone national media spotlight (rest assured, if Premarin horses ended up with global coverage on the Oxygen network, we'd be all over that too).

Please, lets organize a cause with a better, more logical, long-term answer for unwanted horses than taking on American horse slaughter. Though the last three horse slaughter plants were shut down in 2007, bottom of the market horse welfare has not increased. Once we gain control over the source of the unwanted horses, only then will we produce effective measures against combating horse slaughter.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Citizen_K

Horse Breeding: Horse Breeders - How to Promote Your Business on the Internet

2008-07-01T05:30:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

The horse breeding industry is highly competitive. Breeders need to be not only the best at what they do, but also first at successfully marketing themselves to potential buyers. And though the number of horse buyers is growing moderately, the customer base isn't massive, so you need to be on top of all facets of your advertising marketing - especially online.

Advertising online is probably the best way of making contact with potential horse buyers, competitors and enthusiasts in a fast, easy and convenient way. A few clicks of your mouse could put you in contact with all the right people, post videos of your horses online, scan your race or division awards, and even get your horses listed on popular online horse auctions.

In fact, online advertising is becoming more popular than any other means of advertising. Because your customer base is so specialized, they're likely to be searching for you online, so why aren't you there? Keep reading to learn where you need to be in order to build your horse breeding brand online today.

Online Profiles

With the accessibility of the Internet today, buyers are turning to the Internet to browse for potential horses or parents. Websites like FindAPetOnline.com or Horsecity.com give you a chance to advertise your horses, post a profile advertising your breeding business, throw up video of your horses in action and, of course, interact directly with potential customers.

Having your own space on established websites dedicated to breeding horses not only gives you an instant web presence, but does so in a "neighborhood" that's horse specific.

Online Classifieds

Advertising through online classifieds, either on a pet-specific site like Find a Pet Online or more generic classifieds' sites are a great way for you to tell people about your horses. Buyers usually check the classifieds when looking for particular horse breeds, so be specific in your listings and always includes lots of photos along with a link to your online profile.

Basically, when it comes to online advertising, the more information the better. Include tidbits like the horse's name, registration data, parentage, description of the horse's habits, health, personality, shows participated in and prizes won if applicable, and the price of the horse. Finally, remember to include all your contact information.

Community Review Sites

Community reviews and online rating systems are becoming increasingly popular. Community reviews help you to attract more customers, particularly if a satisfied buyer leaves good reviews about you. Prospective buyers will look at your ratings and good feedback as a signal that you are an honest and commendable horse breeder.

Social Networking

The potential customers available through the Internet are seemingly limitless. Signing up in the social networking websites is one of the easiest ways to get your horses advertised online as well as get linked up with other industry professionals and critical contacts. While sites like Facebook or MySpace offer a more casual networking environment, sites like LinkedIn are targeted specifically towards professional and business networking.

Advertising online will give your horse breeding business that extra push - opening you up to a literal global marketplace. Remember, online advertising gives you the ability to expand your base of suppliers and customers not only within your locality, but all over the world.

CS Swarens is the president of Find a Pet Online. 800 998-7065

For additional information on dogs, cats, birds, horses, and exotic pets visit the internet's pet resource including pet classifieds at http://www.findapetonline.com

Research over 430 pet breed profiles http://www.findapetonline.com/breeds.html

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=CS_Swarens

Horse Breeding: Horse Racing Luck Starts in the Breeding Shed and on the Farm

2008-07-01T05:21:00.002+07:00

Horse Breeding

For many horse racing fans and handicappers the world of thoroughbred breeding is a murky land of wealthy owners, eccentric breeders, and great sires and dams. Most of the information about this starting point of horse racing comes from the short articles in the form and newsletters they receive or the tear jerking human interest stories we get once a year from the major networks who carry the Triple Crown races.

The truth of the matter is that horse breeding and racing is a business and as such, it is done for profit. The people who control the business, or at least steer it, are the ones who pay big money for stud fees and who buy the weanlings and yearlings. While the horseplayers support the racing industry with their bets, wealthy owners support the industry with their fees. For many owners, race horse ownership is an expensive hobby that doesn't pay for itself. The money they spend every year helps the breeders to know how to plan their own breeding programs.

Sometimes the breeder makes a great move and spots a fantastic foal that he or she keeps for his or her own racing interests. But often the breeder will spot a standout foal and still let it go to auction. The reasoning is that the foal will boost the stallion's prestige and in turn his stud fees. It is good luck to have a foal go on to win a grade 1 race because that is the most prestigious mark of a great sire.

When Da'Tara won the Belmont, many people wondered if the breeders, WinStar Farm's Bill Casner and Ken Troutt, who had sold the colt for $100,000 regretted letting the grade 1 winner go. Of course it would have been fun to stand in the winner's circle at Belmont Park as the owners of the Tiznow colt that wired the field at 38-1, but the owners understand that breeding is a business and in order to promote Tiznow as a stallion, the foals must make it to the sales ring. That is good business for their farm and good for the industry.

While some people may think it unlucky that they also sold Da'Tara's dam before her offspring won the final leg of the Triple Crown, the owners philosophically point out that they also sold Funny Cide and he went on to win the Kentucky Derby. Selling horses is what they do and that is the thoroughbred breeding business. The luck isn't in whether or not you sell a great horse, its whether or not your stallions produce great horses for you to sell. As for the stallion Tiznow, it appears he is their lucky charm and he is still in their barn.

The most consistent horse racing systems have to have the basics and a handicapper must understand the basics. I have been around horse racing for 50 years including as an owner. Without the basics the rest is not going to do any good. If you want to learn how a horse owner and insider handicaps just go to http://williewins.homestead.com/truecb.html and get the truth.

Bill Peterson is a former horse race owner and professional handicapper. He comes from a horse race handicapping family and as he puts it, "Horse Racing is in my blood." To see all Bill's horse racing material go to http://williewins.homestead.com/handicappingstore.html, Bill's handicapping store.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Bill_Peterson